Ramayana — Kishkindha Kanda, Sarga 1, Shloka 50

पम्पा

तीर-वर्णनम् / Rama’s Lament at Pampa and the Approach to Rishyamuka

Devanagari script

दृढं हि हृदये बुद्धिर्मम सम्परिवर्तते।नालं वर्तयितुं सीता साध्वी मद्विरहं गता।।।।

Transliteration

dṛḍhaṃ hi hṛdaye buddhir mama samparivartate | nālaṃ vartayituṃ sītā sādhvī mad-virahaṃ gatā ||

Translation

我心中反复回旋着坚定的念头：贞洁的悉多与我离别之后，恐怕已无力再支撑生命。

Word by Word

• दृढम्: firmly
• दृढम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dṛḍha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया; एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत् (adverbially: firmly)

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निश्चय/हेतु

• हृदये: in (my) heart
• हृदये: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hṛdaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी (7th/Locative); एकवचन

• बुद्धिः: conviction/thought
• बुद्धिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: buddhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन

• मम: my
• मम: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Genitive); एकवचन

• सम्परिवर्तते: keeps turning/recurs
• सम्परिवर्तते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam + pari + वृत् (धातु)
• Form: लट्; आत्मनेपद; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• अलम्: able/enough
• अलम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: alam (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; पर्याप्त्यर्थे (enough/able)

• वर्तयितुम्: to live/sustain
• वर्तयितुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Purpose)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृत् (धातु) + तुमुन् (कृदन्त)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त infinitive; प्रयोजनार्थे (to sustain/live)

• सीता: Sita
• सीता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sītā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन

• साध्वी: virtuous
• साध्वी: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sādhvī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन; विशेषणम् (chaste/virtuous)

• मद्विरहम्: separation from me
• मद्विरहम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mat (asmad) + viraha (प्रातिपदिक); समास-प्रातिपदिक
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः—मम विरहः (separation from me)

• गता: having gone into/subject to
• गता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (past participle); स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन; सीतायाः विशेषणम्

Context

'My mind makes me feel certain that Sita with her chastity might not be able to liveseparated from me.

Characters & Entities

• Sita
• Lakshmana

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma recognizes the sanctity of marital fidelity and the duty to protect it; Rama’s conviction highlights the moral urgency to restore a violated, righteous order.

What is the narrative situation?

Rama confides to Lakshmana his fear that Sita’s virtue and sensitivity, combined with captivity and separation, may endanger her life.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sita’s sādhvī-bhāva (chastity/virtue) and Rama’s unwavering commitment to her well-being.