Shloka 33

पम्पा

तीर-वर्णनम् / Rama’s Lament at Pampa and the Approach to Rishyamuka

Devanagari script

अपश्यतस्तां दयितां पश्यतो रुचिरद्रुमान्।ममायमात्मप्रभवो भूयस्त्वमुपयास्यति।।।।

Transliteration

apaśyatas tāṃ dayitāṃ paśyato rucira-drumān |

mamāyam ātma-prabhavo bhūyas tvam upayāsyati ||

Translation

当我不得见我所爱之人时，纵然望见这些秀美的树木，也只使那从我心中生起的爱恋愈加增长。

Word by Word

• apaśyataḥ: of (me) not seeing
• apaśyataḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Verb
• Root: a-√paś (धातु; √dṛś/paśy)
• Form: Śatṛ (शतृ) participle in Ṣaṣṭhī (6th), Ekavacana; 'of (me) not seeing'

• tām: her
• tām: Karma (कर्म) (object of apaśyataḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• dayitām: beloved (wife)
• dayitām: Karma (कर्म) (apposition to tām)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dayitā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• paśyataḥ: of (me) seeing
• paśyataḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √paś (धातु; √dṛś/paśy)
• Form: Śatṛ participle in Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana; 'of (me) seeing'

• rucira-drumān: lovely trees
• rucira-drumān: Karma (कर्म) (object of paśyataḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rucira (प्रातिपदिक) + druma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Bahuvacana; karmadhāraya: rucirāḥ drumāḥ

• mama: my/to me
• mama: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Ṣaṣṭhī (6th), Ekavacana

• ayam: this
• ayam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• ātma-prabhavaḥ: self-born (grief/torment)
• ātma-prabhavaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ātman (प्रातिपदिक) + prabhava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: ātmanaḥ prabhavaḥ (arising from oneself/within)

• bhūyaḥ: more, again
• bhūyaḥ: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: bhūyaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; adverb (क्रियाविशेषण) meaning 'again/more'

• tvam: indeed (intensifier)
• tvam: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग (here adverbial accusative), Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; used as intensifier with bhūyaḥ (bhūyas tvam = still more)

• upayāsyati: will increase/come upon
• upayāsyati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: upa-√yā (धातु)
• Form: Luṭ-lakāra (Future), Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; parasmaipada

Context

'Unable to see my beloved wife, the very sight of these lovely trees intensifies my love for her who shines resplendent in me.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Sita (implied as dayitā)
• trees (druma)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is expressed as unwavering fidelity (ekapatnī-vrata in spirit): Rāma’s mind does not turn to new pleasures; instead, beauty in nature intensifies remembrance of Sītā, showing constancy and moral restraint.

What is the narrative situation?

In the Pampā forest during spring, Rāma, separated from Sītā after her abduction, speaks to Lakṣmaṇa; the season’s beauty triggers deeper longing rather than comfort.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Steadfast devotion and self-control: Rāma’s love is singular and principled, and his emotions align with truthfulness about his suffering rather than denial.