Shloka 32

पम्पा

तीर-वर्णनम् / Rama’s Lament at Pampa and the Approach to Rishyamuka

Devanagari script

मन्मथाऽयाससम्भूतो वसन्तगुणवर्धितः।अयं मां धक्ष्यति क्षिप्रं शोकाग्निर्नचिरादिव।।।।

Transliteration

manmathāyāsa-sambhūto vasanta-guṇa-vardhitaḥ |

ayaṁ māṁ dhakṣyati kṣipraṁ śokāgnir na cirād iva ||

Translation

这忧愁之火——由爱欲的折磨而生，又被春之诸德所助长——将迅速焚灼我，仿佛不久便要如此。

Word by Word

• manmatha-āyāsa-sambhūtaḥ: arisen from love’s torment
• manmatha-āyāsa-sambhūtaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of śokāgniḥ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: manmatha (प्रातिपदिक) + āyāsa (प्रातिपदिक) + sambhūta (कृदन्त; √bhū (धातु) with sam-, PPP)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; PPP (क्त); tatpuruṣa: manmatha-āyāsāt sambhūtaḥ (arisen from love-torment)

• vasanta-guṇa-vardhitaḥ: intensified by spring’s effects
• vasanta-guṇa-vardhitaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of śokāgniḥ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vasanta (प्रातिपदिक) + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + vardhita (कृदन्त; √vṛdh (धातु) PPP)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; PPP; tatpuruṣa: vasantasya guṇaiḥ vardhitaḥ (increased by spring’s qualities)

• ayam: this
• ayam: Karta (कर्ता) (apposition to śokāgniḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• mām: me
• mām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana

• dhakṣyati: will burn/consume
• dhakṣyati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dah (धातु)
• Form: Luṭ-lakāra (Future), Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; parasmaipada

• kṣipram: quickly
• kṣipram: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kṣipram (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• śokāgniḥ: fire of grief
• śokāgniḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śoka (प्रातिपदिक) + agni (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: śokasya agniḥ (fire of grief)

• na: not
• na: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; negation used with cirāt (idiom: na cirāt = soon)

• cirāt: after long (i.e., before long)
• cirāt: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: cira (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Ablative used adverbially (पञ्चमी-अर्थे अव्ययीभाव); 'after long' → with na: 'before long'

• iva: as if/like
• iva: Upamā (उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; simile particle (उपमा)

Context

'The fire of grief ignited by Kandarpa (the god of love), enhanced by the effects of spring will certainly consume me soon.

Characters & Entities

• Manmatha (Kama)
• spring (vasanta)
• Lakshmana (implied addressee)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It emphasizes truthful recognition of inner suffering (satya) coupled with the dharmic need for self-mastery: acknowledging the ‘fire’ is the first step to acting rightly despite it.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma, overwhelmed by separation, says spring magnifies his grief and may consume him quickly; he speaks to Lakṣmaṇa during their quest.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Perseverance under pain: even when grief feels consuming, Rāma continues the righteous search rather than surrendering to despair.