Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 63, Shloka 10

विश्वामित्रस्य तपोविघ्नः, मेनकाप्रसङ्गः, महर्षिपदप्रदानम्

Visvamitra’s Austerity Obstructed; Menaka Episode; Conferment of Maharshi Status

Devanagari script

बुद्धिर्मुनेस्समुत्पन्ना सामर्षा रघुनन्दन।सर्वं सुराणां कर्मैतत्तपोपहरणं महत्।।।।

Transliteration

buddhir munes samutpannā sāmarṣā raghunandana | sarvaṃ surāṇāṃ karmaitat tapo-paharaṇaṃ mahat ||

Translation

罗伽之喜啊，圣者心中生起愤然之念：‘这一切都是诸天所为，是要夺走我伟大苦行的作为。’

Word by Word

• aho-rātra-apadeśena: under the pretext of day and night
• aho-rātra-apadeśena: Karaṇa (करण/means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ahaḥ (प्रातिपदिक) + rātra (प्रातिपदिक) + apadeśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Samāsa: tatpuruṣa (determinative) ‘by the pretext/indication of day and night’; masculine, instrumental (तृतीया) singular

• gatāḥ: passed
• gatāḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (predicate complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: gam (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Kṛdanta PPP (क्त), masculine, nominative (प्रथमा) plural; agrees with saṃvatsarāḥ

• saṃvatsarāḥ: years
• saṃvatsarāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṃvatsara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, nominative (प्रथमा) plural

• daśa: ten
• daśa: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: daśan (प्रातिपदिक/संख्या)
• Form: Numeral (संख्या), used adjectivally with saṃvatsarāḥ

• kāma-moha-abhibhūtasya: of (one) overpowered by lust and delusion
• kāma-moha-abhibhūtasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kāma (प्रातिपदिक) + moha (प्रातिपदिक) + abhibhūta (भू धातु + क्त, with abhi-)
• Form: Samāsa: tatpuruṣa (determinative) ‘overpowered by lust and delusion’; masculine, genitive (षष्ठी) singular

• vighnaḥ: obstacle, hindrance
• vighnaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vighna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, nominative (प्रथमा) singular

• ayam: this
• ayam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma-subanta, masculine, nominative (प्रथमा) singular; agrees with vighnaḥ

• samupasthitaḥ: has arisen / has befallen
• samupasthitaḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (predicate complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sthā (धातु) + kta (क्त) with sam-upa- (उपसर्ग)
• Form: Kṛdanta PPP (क्त), masculine, nominative (प्रथमा) singular; predicate adjective to vighnaḥ

Context

O Delight of the Raghus (Rama)! a sense of indignation filled the mind of the ascetic. 'All this is the conspiracy of the gods to deprive me of my great austerities', he thought.

Characters & Entities

• Viśvāmitra (the sage)
• Surāḥ (the gods)
• Rāma (Raghunandana)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It warns that spiritual striving can meet obstruction and misunderstanding; dharma requires vigilance over one’s inner reactions so that indignation does not derail disciplined conduct.

What is the narrative situation?

After divine involvement around his tapas, Viśvāmitra suspects the gods of trying to undermine his austerity, and resentment rises in him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The verse foregrounds the challenge to the sage’s virtue: maintaining equanimity and discernment when faced with perceived interference.