Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 60, Shloka 16

त्रिशङ्कुस्वर्गारोহণम्

Trishanku’s Bodily Ascent and the New Constellations

Devanagari script

देवलोकगतं दृष्ट्वा त्रिशङ्कुं पाकशासन:।।।।सह सर्वैस्सुरगणैरिदं वचनमब्रवीत्।

Transliteration

devalokagataṃ dṛṣṭvā triśaṅkuṃ pākaśāsanaḥ | saha sarvaiḥ suragaṇair idaṃ vacanam abravīt ||

Translation

因陀罗——诛灭帕迦者——见特里商库进入天神之界，便在诸天众神环绕之中，说出了这些话。

Word by Word

• devaloka-gatam: who had reached the world of gods
• devaloka-gatam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: devaloka (प्रातिपदिक) + gata (√gam धातु + kta कृत्)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (‘gone to heaven-world’); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; (qualifying triśaṅkum)

• dṛṣṭvā: having seen
• dṛṣṭvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (absolutive/gerund)

• triśaṅkum: Triśaṅku
• triśaṅkum: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: triśaṅku (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• pākaśāsanaḥ: Indra
• pākaśāsanaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāka (प्रातिपदिक) + śāsana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (‘punisher of Pāka’ = Indra); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• saha: together with
• saha: Sahārtha (सह-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: saha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; preposition-like particle ‘together with’ (सहयोगार्थक)

• sarvaiḥ: with all
• sarvaiḥ: Sahārtha/Karaṇa (सह/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (of suragaṇaiḥ)

• suragaṇaiḥ: with the hosts of gods
• suragaṇaiḥ: Sahārtha/Karaṇa (सह/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sura (प्रातिपदिक) + gaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (‘group of gods’); पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन

• idam: this
• idam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• vacanam: speech/words
• vacanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vacana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• abravīt: said
• abravīt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √brū (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

Context

On ascending to heaven Trisanku saw Indra (destroyer of Paka) along with hosts of gods. Indra said to him:

Characters & Entities

• Triśaṅku
• Indra (Pākaśāsana)
• Devaloka

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse frames svarga as a regulated moral realm overseen by Indra; entry into divine worlds is subject to cosmic law, not merely personal desire.

What is the narrative situation?

Triśaṅku arrives in Devaloka, and Indra, with the gods, prepares to address him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Indra’s role as guardian of cosmic order and standards for admission to heaven.