Shloka 10

गङ्गावतरणम्

The Descent of the Gaṅgā and Bhagiratha’s Fulfilment

Devanagari script

अनेन तोषितश्चाभूदत्यर्थं रघुनन्दन।।।।विससर्ज ततो गङ्गां हरो बिन्दुसर: प्रति।

Transliteration

anena toṣitaś cābhūd atyarthaṃ raghunandana |

visasarja tato gaṅgāṃ haro bindusaraḥ prati || 1.43.10 ||

Translation

罗伽后裔的欢喜者啊，因这苦行，湿婆极为欢悦；于是哈罗放出恒河，使她流向名为宾度萨罗的湖。

Word by Word

• अनेन: by this
• अनेन: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; 'by this' (tapas)

• तोषितः: gratified
• तोषितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तुष् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; predicate of 'हरः'

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction/particle

• अभूत्: became/was
• अभूत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अत्यर्थम्: exceedingly
• अत्यर्थम्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्यर्थम् (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (परिमाण/तीव्रता)

• रघुनन्दन: O Raghu's descendant
• रघुनन्दन: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रघु-नन्दन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular; 'delight of Raghu-line'

• विससर्ज: released/let go
• विससर्ज: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-सृज् (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada

• ततः: then
• ततः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb of sequence

• गङ्गाम्: Gaṅgā
• गङ्गाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गङ्गा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• हरः: Hara (Śiva)
• हरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• बिन्दुसरः: Bindusaras (lake)
• बिन्दुसरः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बिन्दु-सरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; destination with 'प्रति' (towards Bindusaras lake)

• प्रति: towards
• प्रति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति (अव्यय)
• Form: Prepositional indeclinable (उपसर्गसदृश-अव्यय) meaning 'towards'

Context

O Son of the Raghus! (Rama) Siva was immensely pleased with the penace and thereafter released Ganga (drop by drop) forming Bindusara.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Śiva (Hara)
• Gaṅgā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Rightful ends achieved through rightful means: disciplined tapas aligned with dharma invites divine cooperation rather than coercion.

What is the narrative situation?

Bhagīratha’s penance succeeds; Śiva agrees to manage Gaṅgā’s descent and releases her onward.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Perseverance rewarded—steadfast effort culminating in grace and progress toward the sacred objective.