HomeRamayanaBala KandaSarga 32Shloka 12
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Shloka 12

कुशवंशवर्णनम्

The Line of Kuśa and the Disfigurement of Kuśanābha’s Daughters by Vāyu

तास्तु यौवनशालिन्यो रूपवत्य स्स्वलङ्कृता:।उद्यानभूमिमागम्य प्रावृषीव शतह्रदा:।।।।गायन्त्यो नृत्यमानाश्च वादयन्त्यश्च सर्वश:।आमोदं परमं जग्मुर्वराभरणभूषिता:।।।।

tās tu yauvanaśālinyo rūpavatyaḥ svalaṅkṛtāḥ | udyānabhūmim āgamya prāvṛṣīva śatahradāḥ || 1.32.12 ||

gāyantyo nṛtyamānāś ca vādayantyaś ca sarvaśaḥ | āmodaṃ paramaṃ jagmur varābharaṇabhūṣitāḥ || 1.32.13 ||

那些少女——青春焕发,容貌姝丽,妆饰华美——来到园林之地,宛如雨季的闪电般辉映。她们佩戴殊胜的珠宝,或歌或舞,或奏诸乐,往来四方,沉浸于至上的欢悦之中。

ताःthey (those maidens)
ताः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; refers to the maidens
तुand/but
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (contrast/emphasis)
यौवनशालिन्यःresplendent with youth
यौवनशालिन्यः:
Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootयौवन + शालिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष = यौवन-शालिन्यः (‘possessing youth’); विशेषण of ताः
रूपवत्यःbeautiful
रूपवत्यः:
Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootरूपवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; विशेषण of ताः
स्वलङ्कृताःwell-adorned
स्वलङ्कृताः:
Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु + अलङ्कृत (प्रातिपदिक; क्त from √कृ with अलं-)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; विशेषण of ताः
उद्यानभूमिम्to the garden-ground
उद्यानभूमिम्:
Karma (कर्म/Goal of motion)
TypeNoun
Rootउद्यान + भूमि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष = उद्यानस्य भूमिः; गत्यर्थे कर्म (destination)
आगम्यhaving reached
आगम्य:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया/Anterior action)
TypeVerb
Rootआ + √गम् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययभाव (gerund/absolutive) = ‘having come/reached’
प्रावृषिin the rainy season
प्रावृषि:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Time)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रावृष् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; time-locative
इवlike
इव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमा-सूचक
शतह्रदाः(like) Śatahradās (a simile term)
शतह्रदाः:
Upamāna (उपमान/Standard of simile)
TypeNoun
Rootशतह्रद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; बहुव्रीहि (name/epithet) lit. ‘having a hundred lakes/streams’; here used as upamāna (simile term)
गायन्त्यःsinging
गायन्त्यः:
Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण/Concurrent action)
TypeVerb
Root√गै (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकाले कृदन्त (present active participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; agrees with ताः
नृत्यमानाःdancing
नृत्यमानाः:
Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण/Concurrent action)
TypeVerb
Root√नृत् (धातु)
Formशानच्-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकाले कृदन्त (present middle participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; agrees with ताः
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)
वादयन्त्यःplaying (instruments)
वादयन्त्यः:
Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण/Concurrent action)
TypeVerb
Root√वद्/√वाद् (धातु) + णिच्
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकाले कृदन्त (present active participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; causative sense ‘causing to sound/playing’
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)
सर्वशःin every way / everywhere
सर्वशः:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वशः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)
आमोदम्delight
आमोदम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootआमोद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; object of जग्मुः (attained)
परमम्supreme, great
परमम्:
Karma-anvaya (कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण of आमोदम्
जग्मुःattained, reached
जग्मुः:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√गम् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद; idiomatically ‘attained/went to’
वराभरणभूषिताःadorned with splendid ornaments
वराभरणभूषिताः:
Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootवर + आभरण + भूषित (प्रातिपदिक; क्त from √भूष्)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष (instrumental/means sense) = वरैः आभरणैः भूषिताः (‘adorned with excellent ornaments’); agrees with ताः

Those well-adorned, beautiful, young maidens in the pleasure-garden looked like lightnings in the rainy season. Bedecked with fine ornaments they were singing, dancing, playing on instruments and moving in all directions in great delight.

K
Kuśanābha’s daughters (kanyāḥ)
U
Udyāna (garden/pleasure-grove)

FAQs

While primarily descriptive, the dharmic undertone is that beauty and joy exist within social order; the scene sets the stage for later moral testing—how others respond to beauty reveals their dharma or adharma.

The story depicts Kuśanābha’s daughters enjoying themselves in a garden—singing, dancing, and making music—before the conflict involving Vāyu arises in the larger episode.

Innocent joy and refinement; the daughters are portrayed as cultured and harmonious, heightening the ethical contrast when coercion or violence later appears.