Valmiki Ramayana 1.21.21: Bala Kanda, Sarga 21, Shloka 21

बालकाण्डे एकविंशः सर्गः

Daśaratha’s Promise, Vasiṣṭha’s Counsel, and Viśvāmitra’s Weapon-Lore

Devanagari script

इति मुनिवचनात्प्रसन्नचित्तोरघुवृषभस्तु मुमोद भास्वराङ्ग:।गमनमभिरुरोच राघवस्यप्रथितयशा: कुशिकात्मजाय बुध्या।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 1.21.21

Transliteration

iti muni-vacanāt prasanna-citto raghu-vṛṣabhas tu mumoda bhāsvarāṅgaḥ |

gamanam abhiruroca rāghavasya prathita-yaśāḥ kuśikātmajāya budhyā ||

Translation

于是，听了圣者之言，罗阇族之雄心神澄然，欢喜踊跃，身光焕然。那位声名远播的国王以明辨之心，允准罗伽婆随拘尸迦之子启程。

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Word by Word

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: इति-शब्दः (quotative/particle: 'thus')

• muni-vacanāt: from the sage's words
• muni-vacanāt: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: muni (प्रातिपदिक) + vacana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष ('sage's words'); नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative), एकवचन (Singular)

• prasanna-cittaḥ: with a pleased mind
• prasanna-cittaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prasanna (प्रातिपदिक) + citta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय ('pleased/composed-minded'); पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• raghu-vṛṣabhaḥ: the foremost of the Raghus (Daśaratha)
• raghu-vṛṣabhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: raghu (प्रातिपदिक) + vṛṣabha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष ('bull/foremost among the Raghus'); पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• tu: indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/विशेषार्थक-अव्यय (particle: 'indeed/but')

• mumoda: rejoiced
• mumoda: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √mud (मुद्, धातु)
• Form: लिट्/परिपूर्णभूत (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

• bhāsvara-aṅgaḥ: having a radiant body
• bhāsvara-aṅgaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhāsvara (प्रातिपदिक) + aṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि ('whose body is radiant'); पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषणम् to raghuvṛṣabhaḥ

• gamanam: the going (permission to go)
• gamanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gamana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• abhiruroca: approved/consented to
• abhiruroca: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-√ruc (रुच्, धातु)
• Form: लिट्/परिपूर्णभूत (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

• rāghavasya: of Rāghava (Rāma)
• rāghavasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन (Singular)

• prathita-yaśāḥ: of renowned fame
• prathita-yaśāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prathita (प्रातिपदik; PPP from √prath) + yaśas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय ('well-known-famed'); पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषणम् to raghuvṛṣabhaḥ

• kuśika-ātmajāya: to the son of Kuśika (Viśvāmitra)
• kuśika-ātmajāya: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kuśika (प्रातिपदिक) + ātmaja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष; पुंलिङ्ग (m.), चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative), एकवचन (Singular)

• budhyā: with (his) mind/understanding
• budhyā: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: buddhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular)

Context

Great Vasishta, an adherent of ascetic practices and steadfast (to duty), seeing that the entire world frightened addressed the king, saying:

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha
• Vasiṣṭha
• Viśvāmitra
• Kuśika
• Rāma
• Raghu dynasty

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is upheld through right counsel and right decision. The king aligns his will with truth and duty, consenting to what is dharmically appropriate.

What is the narrative situation?

After Vasiṣṭha’s reassurance, Daśaratha’s hesitation dissolves and he grants permission for Rāma to depart with Viśvāmitra.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Daśaratha’s teachability and commitment to dharma—he accepts guidance and chooses the course consistent with his pledged word and royal duty.