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Shloka 12

राज्ञः शङ्का

प्रत्याख्यानम् (Daśaratha’s Objections to Sending Rāma) — Bala Kanda, Sarga 20

किंवीर्या राक्षसास्ते च कस्य पुत्राश्च ते च के।।।।कथं प्रमाणा: के चैतान्रक्षन्ति मुनिपुङ्गव।

kiṃvīryā rākṣasās te ca kasya putrāś ca te ca ke |

kathaṃ-pramāṇāḥ ke ca etān rakṣanti muni-puṅgava ||1.20.12||

噢,诸牟尼之最胜者,那些罗刹(rākṣasa)的力量如何?他们是谁的儿子,他们究竟是谁?其形体有多大,又是谁在庇护他们?

kimvīryāḥof what power?
kimvīryāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + vīrya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; interrogative tatpuruṣa (‘of what power?’) qualifying rākṣasāḥ
rākṣasāḥrākṣasas
rākṣasāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootrākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana
tethose
te:
Karta (कर्ता/subject-apposition)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; demonstrative with rākṣasāḥ
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta
kasyaof whom/whose
kasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (6th), Ekavacana; interrogative genitive
putrāḥsons
putrāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject; predicate to rākṣasāḥ)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta
tethey
te:
Karta (कर्ता/subject-apposition)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta
kewho?
ke:
Prashna (प्रश्न/interrogative predicate)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; interrogative pronoun
kathamhow?
katham:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkatham (अव्यय)
FormPraśna-avyaya (interrogative adverb)
pramāṇāḥof what size?
pramāṇāḥ:
Pradhāna-vidheya (विधेय/predicate)
TypeAdjective
Rootpramāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; predicate adjective about rākṣasāḥ (‘of what size/measure’)
kewho?
ke:
Karta (कर्ता/subject of rakṣanti)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; interrogative pronoun
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta
etānthese (ones)
etān:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Bahuvacana
rakṣantiprotect, guard
rakṣanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√rakṣ (धातु)
FormLaṭ (present), Prathama-puruṣa, Bahuvacana; parasmaipada
munipuṅgavaO best of sages
munipuṅgava:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootmuni (प्रातिपदिक) + puṅgava (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Sambodhana (vocative), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa (‘bull among sages’=best of sages)

O best of sages, how powerful are those rakshsas? Whose sons are they? Who are they and how huge is their body? Who are protecting them?

D
Daśaratha
V
Viśvāmitra
R
rākṣasas

FAQs

Responsible action requires knowledge: before committing a child/royal heir to danger, a ruler must inquire into the threat—an aspect of dharmic prudence (nīti).

Daśaratha interrogates the details of the rākṣasa threat—power, lineage, size, and protection—seeking grounds for an informed decision.

Daśaratha’s nīti-minded caution: he seeks clarity rather than acting blindly.