Shloka 1

पुत्रजन्मोत्सवः — Birth of the Princes and Viśvāmitra’s Arrival

Bālakāṇḍa 18

Devanagari script

निर्वृत्ते तु क्रतौ तस्मिन्हयमेधे महात्मन:।प्रतिगृह्य सुरा भागान्प्रतिजग्मुर्यथागतम्।।।।

Transliteration

nirvṛtte tu kratau tasmin hayamedhe mahātmanaḥ |

pratigṛhya surā bhāgān pratijagmur yathāgatam || 1.18.1 ||

Translation

当那位大心王的马祭圆满之时，诸天受取各自应得之分，便各自返回来处。

Word by Word

• निर्वृत्ते: when (it was) completed
• निर्वृत्ते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: निर्-√वृत् (धातु) / निर्वृत्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुं/नपुंसक; सति-सप्तमी (locative absolute): 'when completed'

• तु: then
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/अन्वय-अव्यय (particle: 'then/indeed/but')

• क्रतौ: in the sacrifice
• क्रतौ: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रतु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी-अङ्ग

• तस्मिन्: in that
• तस्मिन्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; निर्देश (in that)

• हयमेधे: in the Aśvamedha
• हयमेधे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हयमेध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (हयस्य मेधः)

• महात्मनः: of the great-souled (king)
• महात्मनः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण-नामा (of the great-souled one)

• प्रतिगृह्य: having received
• प्रतिगृह्य: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रति-√ग्रह् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), 'having received'; धातु: √ग्रह्, उपसर्ग: प्रति

• सुराः: the gods
• सुराः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• भागान्: shares/portions
• भागान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भाग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• प्रतिजग्मुः: returned
• प्रतिजग्मुः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रति-√गम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद; धातु: √गम्, उपसर्ग: प्रति

• यथागतम्: as they came / to their respective places
• यथागतम्: Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा-आगत (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समासः; अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः (indeclinable adverbial): 'as (they had) come'

Context

Completed by the magnanimous king (Dasaratha). The aswamedha and putreshti sacrifices, the devatas received their share of havis and returned to their respective abodes.

Characters & Entities

• Aśvamedha
• Daśaratha
• Devas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is ritual and social order upheld through rightful performance and rightful receipt: the king completes his obligation, and the devas accept their due share—an image of balanced reciprocity.

What is the narrative situation?

Daśaratha’s Aśvamedha concludes; the gods partake of their portions and depart, setting the stage for the promised births.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rājadharma—steadfast fulfillment of sacred duty by a ruler, sustaining cosmic and civic harmony.