Valmiki Ramayana 2.91.53: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 91, Shloka 53

भरद्वाजाश्रमे भरतसैन्यस्य दिव्यात्मिथ्यम् / Divine Hospitality to Bharata’s Army at Bharadvaja’s Hermitage

Devanagari script

सुरास्सुरापाः पिबत पायसं च बुभुक्षिताः।।2.91.52।।मांसानि च सुमेध्यानि भक्ष्यन्तां यावदिच्छथ।।2.91.53।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.91.53

Transliteration

surāḥ surāpāḥ pibata pāyasaṃ ca bubhukṣitāḥ |

māṃsāni ca sumedhyāni bhakṣyantāṃ yāvad icchatha ||

Translation

愿嗜酒者饮其醇酿；愿饥者享用甜乳粥（pāyasa）；并愿众人食用依法净化、奉献而许可之肉，随其所愿而取。

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Word by Word

• ucchādya: having rubbed/massaged
• ucchādya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ud-√chad (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), indeclinable; prior action

• snāpayanti: bathe (them)
• snāpayanti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √snā (धातु, causative)
• Form: Laṭ (लट्, present), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन); ṇic causative = "cause to bathe"

• sma: indeed/used to (past marker)
• sma: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sma (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle indicating past narration (स्म-प्रयोग)

• nadī-tīreṣu: on the river-banks
• nadī-tīreṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nadī + tīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन); nadyāḥ tīra = river-bank

• valguṣu: lovely
• valguṣu: Viśeṣaṇa of Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरणविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: valgu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन); agrees with tīreṣu

• api: even/also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (सम्भावना/अपि)

• ekam: one
• ekam: Viśeṣaṇa of Karma (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: eka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); used distributively with repetition

• ekam: one by one
• ekam: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: eka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular; repetition = "one by one"

• puruṣam: a man
• puruṣam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: puruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• pramadāḥ: women
• pramadāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pramadā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• sapta: seven
• sapta: Viśeṣaṇa of Karta (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sapta (प्रातिपदिक/संख्या)
• Form: Numeral adjective (संख्यावाचक), Nominative, Plural; quantifies pramadāḥ

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

• aṣṭa: eight
• aṣṭa: Viśeṣaṇa of Karta (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: aṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक/संख्या)
• Form: Numeral adjective (संख्यावाचक), Nominative, Plural; alternative count with sapta

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

Context

'O wine drinkers, drink as much as you can those who are hungry partake payasam and sacred meat'.

Characters & Entities

• surā (liquor)
• pāyasa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The dharma of hospitality (atithi-dharma): providing appropriately for guests’ needs. The broader ethical lens is that enjoyment is not condemned, but should be situated within rightful purpose and restraint.

What is the narrative situation?

The personified forest-hostesses invite Bharata’s party to eat and drink freely as part of Bharadvāja’s grand welcome.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharadvāja’s generosity and capacity to provide for a large assembly; implicitly, guests are expected to maintain self-control and not lose sight of their duty.