Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 113, Shloka 19

पादुकाप्रदानं भरतस्य निवृत्तिश्च

The Sandals Bestowed; Bharata’s Return Toward Ayodhya

Devanagari script

ततः प्रदक्षिणं कृत्वा भरद्वाजं पुनः पुनः।भरतस्तु ययौ श्रीमानयोध्यां सह मन्त्रिभिः।।।।

Transliteration

tataḥ pradakṣiṇaṃ kṛtvā bharadvājaṃ punaḥ punaḥ | bharatas tu yayau śrīmān ayodhyāṃ saha mantribhiḥ ||

Translation

随后他一次又一次恭敬地右绕婆罗婆阇，光辉的婆罗多便与群臣一同启程前往阿逾陀。

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then/thereafter
• tataḥ: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (काल/देश-अव्यय)

• pradakṣiṇam: circumambulation
• pradakṣiṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pradakṣiṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• kṛtvā: having done
• kṛtvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (कृ धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त), ‘having done’

• bharadvājam: Bharadvāja
• bharadvājam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharadvāja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• punaḥ: again
• punaḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: punaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (पुनरावृत्ति-अव्यय)

• punaḥ: again
• punaḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: punaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (पुनरावृत्ति-अव्यय)

• bharataḥ: Bharata
• bharataḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• tu: then/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात)

• yayau: went/set out
• yayau: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: yā (या धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• śrīmān: illustrious
• śrīmān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śrīmat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); adjective qualifying bharataḥ

• ayodhyām: to Ayodhyā
• ayodhyām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ayodhyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• saha: with
• saha: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: saha (अव्यय)
• Form: Prepositional indeclinable (सह), ‘with’; governs instrumental

• mantribhiḥ: with ministers/counsellors
• mantribhiḥ: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mantrin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

Context

Then illustrious Bharata circumambulated the sage several times in homage before heset out for Ayodhya with his counsellors.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Bharadvāja
• Ayodhyā
• ministers (mantrin)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes proper closure and gratitude: one departs only after honoring and receiving blessings from the worthy.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata completes formal reverence to Bharadvāja and begins the journey back to Ayodhyā with his entourage.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Kṛtajñatā (gratitude) and disciplined conduct in public life, fitting for a ruler-in-trust.