Shloka 21

जटायुरावणयुद्धम्

Jatayu’s Combat with Ravana

Devanagari script

दृष्ट्वा निपतितं भूमौ रावणं भग्नवाहनम्।साधुसाध्विति भूतानि गृध्रराजमपूजयन्।।।।

Transliteration

dṛṣṭvā nipatitaṁ bhūmau rāvaṇaṁ bhagnavāhanam | sādhusādhviti bhūtāni gṛdhrarājam apūjayan ||

Translation

见罗波那坠地、座驾破碎，众生皆称颂鸢王，连连赞叹道：“善哉！善哉！”

Word by Word

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: पूर्वकाल (Absolutive; prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund); ‘having seen’

• निपतितम्: fallen
• निपतितम्: कर्म-विशेषण (Qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नि-पत् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘fallen down’

• भूमौ: on the ground
• भूमौ: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• रावणम्: Rāvaṇa
• रावणम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• भग्नवाहनम्: with broken chariot
• भग्नवाहनम्: कर्म-विशेषण (Qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भग्न-वाहन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः: भग्नं वाहनं यस्य (whose vehicle/chariot is broken)

• साधु: well done
• साधु: उद्गार (Exclamation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: साधु (अव्यय/निपात)
• Form: प्रशंसा-निपात (particle of approval)

• साधु: well done
• साधु: उद्गार (Exclamation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: साधु (अव्यय/निपात)
• Form: प्रशंसा-निपात

• इति: thus
• इति: वाक्यचिह्न (Quotation marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उक्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative particle)

• भूतानि: beings
• भूतानि: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• गृध्रराजम्: king of vultures (Jatāyu)
• गृध्रराजम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृध्र-राज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: गृध्राणां राजा

• अपूजयन्: praised/honoured
• अपूजयन्: क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पूज् (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

Context

Seeing Ravana fallen on the ground with his broken chariot, all beings honoured the king of the birds, saying, Well done! Well done!

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Jatāyu (gṛdhrarāja)
• all beings (bhūtāni)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is publicly recognizable: the world instinctively honours selfless protection of the innocent.

What is the narrative situation?

After Rāvaṇa’s fall, the cosmos/creatures respond by praising Jatāyu’s righteous deed.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Moral heroism that earns universal respect.