Shloka 19

अष्टत्रिंशः सर्गः — मारीचोपदेशः

Maricha’s Warning and the Memory of Rama’s Power

Devanagari script

तेन मुक्तस्ततो बाणः शितश्शत्रुनिबर्हणः।तेनाहं त्वाहतः क्षिप्तस्समुद्रे शतयोजने।।3.38.19।।

Transliteration

tena muktas tato bāṇaḥ śitaḥ śatrunibarhaṇaḥ | tenāhaṃ tv āhataḥ kṣiptaḥ samudre śatayojane || 3.38.19 ||

Translation

随后他放出一支锋利的箭，专摧敌寇；我被射中，竟被抛掷到百由旬之外，落入大海。

Word by Word

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध निपात (negation)

• icchatā: by (him) not intending
• icchatā: Karaṇa (करण; agent circumstance)
• Type: Verb
• Root: iṣ (धातु)
• Form: शतृ (present active participle) तृतीया, एकवचन; कर्तरि; ‘by (him) not wishing’ (na + icchatā)

• tāta: O dear
• tāta: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tāta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन; संबोधन (address)

• mām: me
• mām: Karma (कर्म; hantuṃ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन

• hantum: to kill
• hantum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/infinitival complement)
• Type: Verb
• Root: han (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive), अव्ययभाव; अर्थः ‘to kill’

• tadā: then
• tadā: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक

• vīreṇa: by the hero
• vīreṇa: Karaṇa (करण; agent in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• rakṣitaḥ: protected
• rakṣitaḥ: Karta (कर्ता; aham with predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rakṣita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √rakṣ)
• Form: क्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि (protected)

• rāmasya: of Rama
• rāmasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• śara-vegena: by the speed of the arrow
• śara-vegena: Karaṇa (करण/instrumental cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śara + vega (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (शरस्य वेगः)

• nirastaḥ: thrown away
• nirastaḥ: Karta (कर्ता; aham with predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nirasta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; nir-√as)
• Form: क्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि (cast away)

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचन

• acetanaḥ: unconscious
• acetanaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण of aham)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: acetana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (unconscious)

Context

O dear! being thrown away by the speed of his dart I lost my consciousness. I was protected by Rama who did not want to kill me.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Kabandha
• Samudra (sea)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes just force used to restrain violent wrongdoing; righteous power acts decisively to stop harm.

What is the narrative situation?

Kabandha recounts how Rāma’s arrow struck him and flung him far into the ocean.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s martial excellence joined to moral purpose—swift, effective action against a threat.