Shloka 85

Kāṣṭhīla-Upākhyāna: Rākṣasī, Spear-Śakti, and Kāśī as Śakti-kṣetra

Devanagari script

एष ते शपथः सत्यः पंचभूतोपसाक्षिकः । कृत्स्नस्य पुरुषस्येह सन्निधौ व्याहृतो मया ॥ ८५ ॥

Transliteration

eṣa te śapathaḥ satyaḥ paṃcabhūtopasākṣikaḥ | kṛtsnasya puruṣasyeha sannidhau vyāhṛto mayā || 85 ||

Translation

这是赐予你的真实誓言，以五大为证。我已在此处，于至上圆满之普鲁沙（至上人格）的亲临前宣说。

Word by Word

• एषः: this
• एषः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• ते: for you, to you
• ते: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, चतुर्थी (4th/सम्प्रदान) एकवचन (enclitic)

• शपथः: oath
• शपथः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शपथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• सत्यः: true
• सत्यः: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• पञ्चभूत: the five elements
• पञ्चभूत: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Compound member)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्च + भूत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक (समासपूर्वपद); द्विगु-समासः—पञ्चभूत = ‘five elements’

• उपसाक्षिकः: with (them) as witnesses
• उपसाक्षिकः: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उप + साक्षिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः—उपसाक्षिक = ‘having as witnesses/with witnesses present’

• कृत्स्नस्य: of the entire
• कृत्स्नस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत्स्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• पुरुषस्य: of the man/person
• पुरुषस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन

• इह: here
• इह: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Place)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place: here)

• सन्निधौ: in the presence
• सन्निधौ: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सन्निधि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचन

• व्याहृतः: was uttered
• व्याहृतः: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-आ-हृ (धातु) → व्याहृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि—‘was uttered’

• मया: by me
• मया: Karana (करण/Agent in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन

Speaker

Narrator/Dialogue speaker (contextual attribution within Narada Purana discourse; often Suta conveying the dialogue)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

Characters & Entities

• Puruṣa (Supreme Person)
• Pañcabhūta (five elements)

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It teaches that a vow or oath is not merely social speech but a sacred act: the five elements and the Supreme Person are invoked as witnesses, making truthfulness (satya) a direct spiritual accountability.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By placing the oath in the presence of the Puruṣa, the verse frames ethical truth as an offering before God—bhakti expressed through integrity, sincerity, and reverence for the Divine witness.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

It reflects a dharmic-ritual principle used in vows (vrata) and declarations: invoking cosmic witnesses (pañcabhūta-sākṣin) to formalize speech acts—relevant to Kalpa (ritual procedure) and Dharmaśāstra-style conduct.