Shloka 45

Adhyaya 91 — The Gods’ Hymn to Kātyāyanī and the Goddess’ Prophecy of Future Manifestations

Sanskrit

ततोऽहमखिलं लोकमात्मदेहसमुद्भवैः ।

भरिष्यामि सुराः शाकैरावृष्टेः प्राणधारकैः ॥

Transliteration

tato 'ham akhilaṃ lokam ātma-deha-samudbhavaiḥ | bhariṣyāmi surāḥ śākair āvṛṣṭeḥ prāṇa-dhārakaiḥ ||

Translation

随后，我将以从我自身之躯所生的蔬菜滋养整个世界——包括诸神——在无雨之时亦能维系众生之命。

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय, temporal adverb

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (Pronoun), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• akhilam: entire
• akhilam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: akhila (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying lokam)

• lokam: world
• lokam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: loka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन

• ātmadehasamudbhavaiḥ: with those arisen from my own body
• ātmadehasamudbhavaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ātman (प्रातिपदिक) + deha (प्रातिपदिक) + samudbhava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine) / नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter) तृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental), बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying śākaiḥ understood); समासः बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः (ātmano dehāt samudbhavāḥ = arisen from my body)

• bhariṣyāmi: I will sustain/support
• bhariṣyāmi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhṛ (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Simple Future), परस्मैपद, उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन

• surāḥ: the gods
• surāḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sura (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative), बहुवचन

• śākaiḥ: with vegetables/herbs
• śākaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śāka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental), बहुवचन

• āvṛṣṭeḥ: of the rain (downpour)
• āvṛṣṭeḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āvṛṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), षष्ठी विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन

• prāṇadhārakaiḥ: life-sustaining
• prāṇadhārakaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prāṇadhāraka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental), बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying śākaiḥ); समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (prāṇānāṃ dhārakāḥ = life-sustaining)

Speakers

• Devī (as narrator/speaker) within the Devi Mahatmyam frame

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devī (Durgā/Caṇḍikā)

Shakti Aspects

• Śākambharī (implied; made explicit next verse)

Key Themes

• Shaktism
• Providence during famine
• Devī as Annapūrṇā-like sustainer
• Compassion and nourishment

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The Divine is not only the slayer of evil but also the nurturer of life. The ethic implied is care for beings in crisis—food as dharma—and recognition that sustaining life is sacred work.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Carita: a description of Devī’s protective/nourishing intervention. It also echoes purāṇic cosmology where the deity becomes the very means of sustenance.

What is the esoteric significance?

Vegetables ‘from her body’ symbolize that prāṇa and nourishment arise from Śakti itself; when the ‘rain’ of grace/clarity is absent, inner sustenance can still arise from the awakened source.