Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 89, Shloka 19

Adhyaya 89 — The Wrath of Shumbha and Nishumbha and the Fall of Nishumbha

Sanskrit

ततः सिंहो महानादैस्त्याजितेभमहामदैः ।

पूरयामास गगनं गां तथैव दिशो दश ॥

Transliteration

tataḥ siṃho mahānādaistyājitebhamahāmadaiḥ / pūrayāmāsa gaganaṃ gāṃ tathaiva diśo daśa

Translation

随后，狮子以雄浑咆哮驱散发情狂乱的象群，其声充塞苍穹、大地，并遍满十方。

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: काल/अनन्तरबोधक अव्यय (adverb: then/thereupon)

• सिंहः: the lion
• सिंहः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिंह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन

• महानादैः: with great roars
• महानादैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महानाद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), तृतीया (instrumental/करण), बहुवचन

• त्याजित-इभ-महा-मदैः: with (roars) that made the great rut of elephants be cast off / that drove off elephantine pride
• त्याजित-इभ-महा-मदैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्याजित (कृदन्त; त्यज् धातु) + इभ (प्रातिपदिक) + महा (प्रातिपदिक) + मद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), तृतीया (instrumental/करण), बहुवचन; ‘त्याजित’ = क्त (past passive participle) from त्यज्; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (‘त्याजिताः इभाः येषां ते’ इति बहुव्रीह्यर्थेऽपि प्रयोगः सम्भवति; अत्र ‘इभमहामद’ = ‘इभानां महामदः’)

• पूरयामास: filled
• पूरयामास: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पूरय् (धातु) < पूर् (धातु) + णिच्
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; णिजन्त

• गगनम्: the sky
• गगनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गगन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), द्वितीया (accusative/कर्म), एकवचन

• गाम्: the earth
• गाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), द्वितीया (accusative/कर्म), एकवचन

• तथा: and likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकार/समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (adverb: thus/so)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक अव्यय (particle: indeed/just)

• दिशः: the directions
• दिशः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिश् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), द्वितीया (accusative/कर्म), बहुवचन

• दश: ten
• दश: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दशन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् संख्याविशेषण (numeral adjective), द्वितीया बहुवचन-समन्वय ‘दिशः’ सह

Speakers

• Narratorial

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "vira", "secondaryRasa": "raudra", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devī
• Siṃha (lion, Devī’s vāhana/ally)

Shakti Aspects

• Devī with her Siṃha-vāhana (lion association prominent)

Key Themes

• Shaktism
• Lion symbolism
• Cosmic pervasion
• Fearlessness vs pride

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Pride (mada)—even when ‘mighty’ like elephants—is scattered by dharmic courage. The lion’s roar is the proclamation of fearless righteousness that makes arrogance retreat.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

As with the surrounding verses, it is purāṇic ākhyāna (exemplary sacred history) rather than cosmological sarga/pratisarga or manvantara enumeration.

What is the esoteric significance?

The lion is the awakened will (icchā-śakti) and sovereign courage. Its roar pervading the ten directions suggests inner mastery extending through all ‘fields’ of experience.