Shloka 37

Adhyaya 84 — The Gods’ Hymn after the Slaying of Mahishasura and the Goddess’ Boon

Sanskrit

पुनश्च गौरीदेहात् सा समुद्भूता यथाभवत् ।

वधाय दुष्टदैत्यानां तथा शुम्भनिशुम्भयोः ॥

Transliteration

punaś ca gaurīdehāt sā samudbhūtā yathābhavat | vadhāya duṣṭadaityānāṃ tathā śumbhaniśumbhayoḥ ||

Translation

而且她又一次从高丽（Gaurī）之身中显现，如同往昔——为诛灭邪恶的达伊提亚，并同样为斩除舒姆婆与尼舒姆婆。

Word by Word

• punaḥ: again
• punaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: punaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), adverb (पुनः)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), conjunction (समुच्चय)

• gaurīdehāt: from Gaurī’s body
• gaurīdehāt: Apadana (अपादान/source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gaurī-deha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) compound: gaurī + deha; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग) (deha), Ablative (पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• sā: she
• sā: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular; pronoun

• samudbhūtā: arose forth
• samudbhūtā: Karta (कर्ता/subject complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-ud-√bhū (भू धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Past participle (भूतकृदन्त/क्त), Feminine, Nominative, Singular; agrees with sā

• yathā: as
• yathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, adverb/conjunction of manner

• abhavat: she became/was
• abhavat: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (भू धातु)
• Form: Luṅ (लुङ्, aorist), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• vadhāya: for the slaying
• vadhāya: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vadha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Dative (चतुर्थी), Singular; purpose (प्रयोजनार्थ)

• duṣṭadaityānām: of the wicked demons
• duṣṭadaityānām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: duṣṭa-daitya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya (कर्मधारय) compound: duṣṭa (adj) + daitya; Masculine, Genitive (षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)

• tathā: likewise
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, adverb (तथा)

• śumbhaniśumbhayoḥ: of Śumbha and Niśumbha
• śumbhaniśumbhayoḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śumbha + niśumbha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Dvandva (द्वन्द्व) compound; Masculine, Genitive (षष्ठी), Dual (द्विवचन)

Speakers

• Ṛṣi narrator to the King (transitioning to next narrative)

Primary Deities

• Devī
• Gaurī (Pārvatī)
• Śumbha
• Niśumbha

Shakti Aspects

• Devī in relation to Gaurī (Pārvatī); anticipates Kālīkā/Kaushikī traditions depending on recension

Key Themes

• Shaktism
• Demon-slaying (daitya-vadha)
• Manifestation from Gaurī
• Cosmic protection

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The narrative frames divine power as responsive to recurring oppression; whenever adharma reappears (Śumbha–Niśumbha), Śakti manifests in an appropriate form.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Manvantara-kathā again: episodic manifestations of the Goddess punctuate cosmic time to maintain dharma.

What is the esoteric significance?

Emergence from Gaurī suggests the ‘bright’ (gaura) matrix giving rise to the fierce corrective force—compassion and wrath as two modes of the same Śakti.