Shloka 22

Adhyaya 84 — The Gods’ Hymn after the Slaying of Mahishasura and the Goddess’ Boon

Sanskrit

केनोपमा भवतु तेऽस्य पराक्रमस्य रूपं च शत्रुभयकार्यतिहारि कुत्र ।

चित्ते कृपा समरनिष्ठुरता च दृष्टा त्वय्येव देवि वरदे भुवनत्रयेऽपि ॥

Transliteration

kenopamā bhavatu te 'sya parākramasya rūpaṃ ca śatrubhayakāryatihāri kutra / citte kṛpā samaraniṣṭhuratā ca dṛṣṭā tvayyeva devi varade bhuvanatraye 'pi

Translation

你的英勇可与何者相比？又何处能得一种形相，足以消除敌人那可怖的图谋？在三界之中，噢女神、噢赐福者，唯有你兼具心中慈悲与战场严厉。

Word by Word

• kena: by what?/with what?
• kena: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter/Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); interrogative pronoun

• upamā: comparison/likeness
• upamā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: upamā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• bhavatu: may it be
• bhavatu: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (भू)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada

• te: of you/your
• te: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Genitive/Dative form; here Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन) in sense ‘of you’

• asya: of this
• asya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन); demonstrative pronoun

• parākramasya: of (your) valor
• parākramasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parākrama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• rūpam: form
• rūpam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

• śatru-bhaya-kāryati-hāri: that which utterly removes the enemies’ fear-producing effect
• śatru-bhaya-kāryati-hāri: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śatru (प्रातिपदिक) + bhaya (प्रातिपदिक) + kārya (प्रातिपदिक) + ati- (उपसर्ग) + hārin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः: शत्रुभयस्य कार्यस्य अतिहारी (अत्यन्तं हरति)

• kutra: where?
• kutra: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kutra (अव्यय)
• Form: Interrogative adverb (प्रश्न-क्रियाविशेषण)

• citte: in the mind
• citte: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: citta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• kṛpā: compassion
• kṛpā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṛpā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• samara-niṣṭhuratā: harshness in battle
• samara-niṣṭhuratā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: samara (प्रातिपदिक) + niṣṭhuratā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुषः: समरे निष्ठुरता

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

• dṛṣṭā: is seen/observed
• dṛṣṭā: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (दृश्) (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; क्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); used predicatively: ‘is seen’

• tvayi: in you
• tvayi: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• eva: alone/indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (अवधारण-निपात)

• devi: O Goddess
• devi: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: devī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

• varade: O boon-giver
• varade: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: varadā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन); ‘giver of boons’

• bhuvana-traye: in the three worlds
• bhuvana-traye: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhuvana (प्रातिपदिक) + traya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); द्विगु-समासः: त्रयाणां भुवनानां समाहारः

• api: even/also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात)

Speakers

• Devas praising the Goddess (narrative voice within Devi Mahatmyam)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devi (Chandika/Durga)
• Devas (collectively)

Shakti Aspects

• Varadā Devi; Chandika/Durga as both gentle and fierce

Key Themes

• Shaktism
• Divine attributes
• Mercy and wrath harmonized
• Protection

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse frames ideal sovereignty: tenderness toward devotees and corrective severity toward adharma can coexist without contradiction when grounded in cosmic welfare.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

It is devotional-theological material embedded in sacred narrative (carita), not a cosmological enumeration; it supports the Purāṇic aim of teaching dharma through exemplary divine action.

What is the esoteric significance?

The union of kṛpā (grace) and niṣṭhuratā (fierce discipline) mirrors inner sādhanā: compassion for the seeking self and uncompromising cutting down of inner ‘enemies’ (vices).