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Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 74, Shloka 55

Adhyaya 74 — King Svarashtra, the Deer-Queen’s Curse, and the Rise of Tamasa Manu

Sanskrit

जित्वा समस्तां पृथिवीं तामसाख्यः स पार्थिवः ।

तामसाख्यो मनुरभूत्तस्य मन्वन्तरं शृणु ॥

Transliteration

jitvā samastāṃ pṛthivīṃ tāmasākhyaḥ sa pārthivaḥ / tāmasākhyo manurabhuttasya manvantaraṃ śṛṇu

Translation

征服了整个大地之后，那位名为塔摩萨（Tāmasa）的国王成为被称为塔摩萨的摩奴（Manu）。现在请聆听他的摩奴劫（Manvantara）。

Word by Word
jitvāhaving conquered
jitvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण; prior action)
TypeVerb
Rootji (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; धातु: जि (to conquer)
samastāmentire, whole
samastām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootsamasta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; adjective qualifying ‘pṛthivīm’
pṛthivīmthe earth
pṛthivīm:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpṛthivī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन
tāmasa-ākhyaḥ(he) named Tāmasa
tāmasa-ākhyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottāmasa (प्रातिपदिक) + ākhya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष/नामधारक: ‘tāmasa’ इति आख्या यस्य/यः
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
pārthivaḥthe king
pārthivaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) (apposition to saḥ)
TypeNoun
Rootpārthiva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन
tāmasa-ākhyaḥTāmasa by name
tāmasa-ākhyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottāmasa (प्रातिपदिक) + ākhya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन; पुनरुक्ति (repetition)
manuḥManu
manuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmanu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन
abhūtbecame
abhūt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhū (धातु)
Formलङ् (imperfect/past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
tasyaof him
tasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; ‘of him/that’
manu-antaraṃManvantara (Manu-period)
manu-antaraṃ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmanu (प्रातिपदिक) + antara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: मनोः अन्तरम् = मन्वन्तरम्
śṛṇuhear (listen)
śṛṇu:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootśru (धातु)
Formलोट् (imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
Speakers
Markandeya narrating (didactic shift into Manvantara listing)
Key Themes
Manvantara chronologyRoyal conquest as legitimizing motifCosmic administration through Manus

FAQs

The Purāṇic view links righteous sovereignty with cosmic stewardship: a Manu is not merely a ruler, but an organizer of dharma for an age.

Directly Manvantara: the text explicitly transitions to describing the Tāmasa Manvantara and its constituent deities, Indra, sages, and sons.

‘Conquering the earth’ can signify mastery over the field (kṣetra)—stabilizing the material plane so that dharma can be promulgated across the age.

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