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Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 74, Shloka 53

Adhyaya 74 — King Svarashtra, the Deer-Queen’s Curse, and the Rise of Tamasa Manu

Sanskrit

कृतास्त्रस्तानरीन् जित्वा पितुरानीय चान्तिकम् ।

अनुज्ञातान् मुनोचाथ तेन स्वं धर्ममास्थितः ॥

Transliteration

kṛtāstrastānarīn jitvā piturānīya cāntikam / anujñātān munocātha tena svaṃ dharmamāsthitaḥ

Translation

他以诸武器自卫，征服那些敌人，并将其押至父前。随后在获准之后，他释放了他们，于是得以安住于自身之法（dharma）。

Word by Word
कृत-अस्त्रःarmed; having obtained weapons
कृत-अस्त्रः:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier of सः implied)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत (कृ धातु + क्त) + अस्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहि-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; ‘one who has (acquired) weapons’
तान्those
तान्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
अरीन्enemies
अरीन्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootअरि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
जित्वाhaving conquered
जित्वा:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/Having done)
TypeVerb
Rootजि (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund)
पितुःof (his) father
पितुः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
आनीयhaving brought
आनीय:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/Having done)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-नी (धातु) + ल्यप्
Formल्यबन्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund)
चand
च:
Avyaya (अव्यय/Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
अन्तिकम्near; into (his) presence
अन्तिकम्:
Desha-adhikarana (देश-अधिकरण/Locative sense)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तिक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; adverbial accusative ‘near(ly)’
अनुज्ञातान्(those) who were permitted / pardoned
अनुज्ञातान्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootअनु-ज्ञा (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकालिक-कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; qualifies तान्/अरीन्
मुमोचreleased / let go
मुमोच:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootमुच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
अथthen
अथ:
Avyaya (अव्यय/Discourse)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; discourse particle ‘then/thereupon’
तेनby that / thereby
तेन:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
स्वम्one's own
स्वम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; agrees with धर्मम्
धर्मम्duty / dharma
धर्मम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
आस्थितःabided in / undertook
आस्थितः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-स्था (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकालिक-कृदन्त (past active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘having undertaken/abiding in’
Speakers
Markandeya narrating; embedded royal-ethical episode
Key Themes
Kshatriya dharmaJust war and restraintObedience to eldersMercy after victory

FAQs

Dharma is shown as victory tempered by restraint: force is used to restore order, but the defeated are spared under legitimate authority and counsel.

Vaṃśa narrative illustrating dharmic rulership—an ethical credential for the later Manvantara description tied to the same lineage.

Conquering ‘enemies’ and then releasing them can symbolize conquering inner passions and then reintegrating energies under wisdom rather than suppression.

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