Shloka 5
Adhyaya 71 — The King’s Remorse and the Sage’s Counsel on the Necessity of a Wife
Sanskrit
अवरुह्य रथात् सोऽथ तं समेत्य प्रणम्य च ।
यथावृत्तं समाचख्यौ राक्षसेन समागमम् ॥
Transliteration
avaruhya rathāt so 'tha taṃ sametya praṇamya ca / yathāvṛttaṃ samācakhyau rākṣasena samāgamam
Translation
他下了战车，走近那位圣者，顶礼之后，便如实叙述诸事经过——包括与罗刹相遇之事。
Word by Word
अवरुह्यhaving descended
अवरुह्य:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Converb)
TypeVerb
Rootअव-√रुह् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund): ‘having descended’; उपसर्ग: अव
रथात्from the chariot
रथात्:
Apadana (अपादान/Source)
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
अथthen
अथ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
Formअनन्तरार्थक-अव्यय (sequencing particle)
तम्him
तम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
समेत्यhaving approached
समेत्य:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Converb)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-√इ (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund): ‘having approached/met’; उपसर्ग: सम्
प्रणम्यhaving bowed
प्रणम्य:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Converb)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√नम् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund): ‘having bowed’; उपसर्ग: प्र
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
यथावृत्तम्the events as they occurred
यथावृत्तम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object of telling)
TypeNoun
Rootयथा-वृत्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अव्ययीभावः: यथा वृत्तम् (as it happened)
समाचख्यौrelated, told
समाचख्यौ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-√चक्ष् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; उपसर्ग: सम् + आ
राक्षसेनwith the demon
राक्षसेन:
Sahakari (सहकारी/Association; instrumental of accompaniment)
TypeNoun
Rootराक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन
समागमम्the encounter, meeting
समागमम्:
Karma (कर्म/Apposition to yathāvṛttam)
TypeNoun
Rootसम्-आ-गम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
Speakers
Markandeya narrating
Key Themes
Guru/ṛṣi etiquetteTruthful reportingSeeking adjudication
FAQs
Humility and accuracy are prerequisites for dharmic guidance: the king bows and presents facts without concealment, enabling correct moral diagnosis.
Itihāsa-like episode within manvantara frame, showcasing the purāṇic social ideal of king under sage-guidance.
The descent from the chariot symbolizes stepping down from ego and authority before wisdom—an inner surrender enabling transformation.