Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 62, Shloka 16

Adhyaya 62 — The Fire-God Enters the Brahmin Youth; Varuthini’s Love-Sickness and Kali’s Disguise

Sanskrit

स चिन्तयामास तदा किं न्वेषा गजगामिनी ।

निश्वासपवनम्लाना गिरावत्र वरूथिनी ॥

Transliteration

sa cintayāmāsa tadā kiṃ nv eṣā gaja-gāminī |

niśvāsa-pavana-mlānā girāv atra varūthinī ||

Translation

他随即思忖：“为何这位步态如象的女子，在此山中，竟因叹息之风而憔悴低垂？”

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• चिन्तयामास: pondered
• चिन्तयामास: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: चिन्त् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Periphrastic perfect/परस्मैपद), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; ‘चिन्तयामास’ = he thought/pondered

• तदा: then
• तदा: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Temporal)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (temporal adverb)

• किम्: what
• किम्: Karma (कर्म/Object of thought)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया/प्रथमा, एकवचन; प्रश्नार्थक सर्वनाम (interrogative)

• नु: indeed/then (question particle)
• नु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रश्न/अनुनय-निपात (interrogative particle)

• एषा: this woman
• एषा: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; निर्देशवाचक सर्वनाम (demonstrative)

• गज-गामिनी: elephant-gaited
• गज-गामिनी: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गज (प्रातिपदिक) + गामिनी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (गजस्य गामिनी) “elephant-gaited”

• निश्वास-पवन-म्लाना: worn down by sighing breaths
• निश्वास-पवन-म्लाना: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निश्वास (प्रातिपदिक) + पवन (प्रातिपदिक) + म्लान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः (निश्वासस्य पवनः; तेन म्लाना) “withered by the wind of sighs”

• गिरा: by (her) speech
• गिरा: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गिर्/गीर् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘गिरा’ = by speech/voice

• अत्र: here
• अत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Place)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक (locative adverb) “here”

• वरूथिनी: the protected lady
• वरूथिनी: Karta (कर्ता) / Apposition to एषा
• Type: Noun
• Root: वरूथिनी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘वरूथिनी’ = protected/guarded woman; also “army” in other contexts

Speakers

• Kali the Gandharva (internal monologue)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Symptoms of viraha
• Observation
• Inner monologue

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Sorrow manifests physically; Purāṇic narration often links mind and body to show that dharma includes care of mental states, not merely external action.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Narrative psychology (ākhyāna) rather than cosmic history.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Wind of sighs’ suggests prāṇa disturbed by desire; in yogic terms, prāṇa-vikṣepa accompanies rāga and becomes visible as weakness and pallor.