Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 55, Shloka 20

Adhyaya 55 — Description of Jambudvipa: The Four Forests, Lakes, and Mountain Ranges Around Mount Meru; Bharata as the Karma-Bhumi

Sanskrit

न चैतषु मनुष्याणां वैमनस्यानि कुत्रचित् ।

तदेवं पार्थिवं पद्मं चतुष्पत्रं मयोदितम् ॥

Transliteration

na caitaṣu manuṣyāṇāṃ vaimanas yāni kutracit | tad evaṃ pārthivaṃ padmaṃ catuṣpatraṃ mayoditam ||

Translation

并且在这些地域之中，人类无处会生起心灵的沮丧。因此，我已描述了这朵具有四瓣的“大地之莲”。

Word by Word

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-निपात (negation particle)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)

• एतेषु: among these
• एतेषु: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative/7th), बहुवचन (Plural)

• मनुष्याणाम्: of humans
• मनुष्याणाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनुष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन (Plural)

• वैमनस्यानि: discords / ill-wills
• वैमनस्यानि: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैमनस्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc. 1st/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• कुत्रचित्: anywhere
• कुत्रचित्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कुत्रचित् (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (indefinite locative adverb)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc. 1st/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• एवम्: thus
• एवम्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of manner)

• पार्थिवम्: earthly
• पार्थिवम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पार्थिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc. 1st/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण

• पद्मम्: lotus
• पद्मम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पद्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc. 1st/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• चतुष्पत्रम्: four-petaled
• चतुष्पत्रम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुस् + पत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc. 1st/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); द्विगु-समासः ‘चत्वारि पत्राणि यस्य’ इति विशेषण

• मया: by me
• मया: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)

• उदितम्: spoken / described
• उदितम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वद् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त) with उद्-उपसर्ग
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle, -kta); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन; ‘उदित’ = ‘उक्त/प्रोक्त’

Speakers

• Narrative voice within the Purāṇic discourse (speaker not specified in provided excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Sacred Geography
• Symbolism

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The text contrasts distress-free enjoyment realms with the human condition elsewhere, preparing for the later emphasis that Bhārata is the decisive field for karma and liberation.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Sthāna: the ‘earth-lotus’ is a macrocosmic mapping device for organizing continents/varṣas.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘four-petaled lotus’ can mirror the heart-lotus imagery: a structured cosmos reflecting an inner psychocosmic order, where different ‘petals’ represent distinct experiential domains.