Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 50, Shloka 70

Adhyaya 50 — Mind-Born Progeny, Svayambhuva Manu’s Lineage, and Brahmā’s Ordinance to Duḥsaha (Alakṣmī’s Retinue)

Sanskrit

तरुगुल्मादिभिर्धारं न विद्धं यस्य वेश्मनः ।

मर्मभेदोऽथवा पुंसस्तच्छ्रेयो भवनं न ते ॥

Transliteration

taru-gulmādibhir dhāraṃ na viddhaṃ yasya veśmanaḥ | marma-bhedo 'thavā puṃsas tac-chreyo bhavanaṃ na te ||

Translation

那种住宅：其承重结构不为树木、灌木等所穿刺毁损，且所在之处不致伤及男子要害——如此居所并不适合你，噢，夜叉。

Word by Word

• तरु-गुल्म-आदिभिः: by trees, shrubs, etc.
• तरु-गुल्म-आदिभिः: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तरु (प्रातिपदिक) + गुल्म (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; ‘आदि’ अन्त-तत्पुरुष (taru-gulma-ādi)

• धारम्: support/beam
• धारम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• विद्धम्: pierced/struck
• विद्धम्: कर्म-विशेषण (Qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: व्यध्/विध् (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया/प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त (kta) प्रत्यय

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• वेश्मनः: of the house
• वेश्मनः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेश्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• मर्म-भेदः: a vital-point injury
• मर्म-भेदः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + भेद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष

• अथवा: or
• अथवा: सम्बन्ध (Disjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथवा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (disjunctive particle)

• पुंसः: of a man
• पुंसः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुम्स्/पुंस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• तत्: that
• तत्: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• श्रेयः: good/benefit
• श्रेयः: विधेय (Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रेयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• भवनम्: dwelling/house
• भवनम्: कर्ता/कर्म (context: ‘house’ as topic)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भवन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• ते: for you
• ते: सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (Recipient/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी/चतुर्थी (Genitive/Dative), एकवचन; अत्र दत्तिः/सम्बन्धः ‘for you/of you’

Speakers

• Dharma-instructor addressing a Yakṣa (didactic counsel within the Purāṇic dialogue frame)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Vāstu-like prudence
• Non-harm
• Household safety

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Well-maintained dwellings that prevent harm to occupants represent ordered life and vigilance; the Yakṣa is told such wholesome environments are inhospitable to it.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ancillary dharma material (practical ethics) rather than pancalakṣaṇa core topics.

What is the esoteric significance?

Unpierced supports and uninjured marmas symbolize integrity of 'supports' (dhāra) and life-force points; psychic/ritual cleanliness parallels physical soundness.