Shloka 50

Adhyaya 50 — Mind-Born Progeny, Svayambhuva Manu’s Lineage, and Brahmā’s Ordinance to Duḥsaha (Alakṣmī’s Retinue)

Sanskrit

दुष्टं क्रुद्धार्तदत्तञ्च यक्ष तद्भागि तत्फलम् ।

यच्च पौनर्भवः किञ्चित् करोत्यमुष्मिकं क्रमम् ॥

Transliteration

duṣṭaṃ kruddhārta-dattañ ca yakṣa tad-bhāgī tat phalam |

yac ca paunarbhavaḥ kiñcit karoty āmuṣmikaṃ kramam ||

Translation

“凡为不善者，凡在忿怒或困厄中所施与者——噢，夜叉，你得其果报之一分。又凡‘再婚者’（paunarbhava）为求后世而行之仪轨——（亦归于你）。”

Word by Word

• duṣṭam: wicked/tainted
• duṣṭam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: duṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: Napumsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa of (dattam)

• kruddha-ārta-dattam: given by one angry and distressed
• kruddha-ārta-dattam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kruddha (कृदन्त) + ārta (प्रातिपदिक) + datta (कृदन्त)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) (elliptic) ‘kruddhena ārtena dattam’; Kta-PPP ‘datta’, Napumsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-nipāta (conjunction)

• yakṣa: O Yakṣa
• yakṣa: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yakṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Sambodhana (vocative/सम्बोधन), Ekavacana

• tad-bhāgi: a sharer of that
• tad-bhāgi: Kartṛ-sambandha (कर्ता-सम्बन्ध/predicate of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक) + bhāgin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘tasya bhāgī’; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; predicate adjective (to implied ‘tvam’)

• tat: that
• tat: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Napumsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• phalam: fruit/result
• phalam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: phala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• yat: which
• yat: Anuyogī (अनुयोगी/relative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Napumsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; relative pronoun

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-nipāta (conjunction)

• paunarbhavaḥ: a remarried man (paunarbhava)
• paunarbhavaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: paunarbhava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana

• kiñcit: something
• kiñcit: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kiṃcid (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Napumsaka, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana; indefinite pronoun

• karoti: does/makes
• karoti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (कृ धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (present), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person), Ekavacana; Parasmaipada

• āmuṣmikam: other-worldly/pertaining to the next world
• āmuṣmikam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: āmuṣmika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa of kramam

• kramam: procedure/act/sequence
• kramam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: krama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana

Speakers

• Unspecified narrator addressing a Yakṣa

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Ethics of intention
• Karma-phala
• Social dharma categories
• Ritual motivation

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The inner state (anger, distress, malice) contaminates the act and redirects its karmic yield; the text frames this as the Yakṣa obtaining a ‘share’ in such compromised merit.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Dharma/ācāra discourse embedded in purāṇic narration; not a cosmological or genealogical segment.

What is the esoteric significance?

A ‘Yakṣa-share’ symbolizes that distorted intention creates openings for obstructive forces to feed on one’s acts, diminishing sattvic uplift.