Shloka 76

Adhyaya 49 — Primordial Human Creation, the Rise of Desire, and the Origins of Settlements, Measures, and Agriculture

Sanskrit

वर्णानामाश्रमाणाञ्च धर्मान् धर्मभृतां वर ।

लोकानां सर्ववर्णानां सम्यग्धर्मार्थपालिनाम् ॥

Transliteration

varṇānām āśramāṇāṃ ca dharmān dharmabhṛtāṃ vara | lokānāṃ sarvavarṇānāṃ samyag dharmārthapālinām ||

Translation

噫，护持达摩者中之最胜者，（他）为诸世界制定了社会阶层（varṇa）与人生住期（āśrama）之职责——使一切阶层得以如法守持达摩与阿尔塔（artha）。

Word by Word

• वर्णानाम्: of the social classes (varṇas)
• वर्णानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural)

• आश्रमाणाम्: of the life-stages (āśramas)
• आश्रमाणाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आश्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• धर्मान्: duties/laws
• धर्मान्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• धर्मभृताम्: of the upholders of dharma
• धर्मभृताम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म + भृत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ('bearers of dharma')

• वर: O best one
• वर: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)

• लोकानाम्: of the worlds/people
• लोकानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural)

• सर्ववर्णानाम्: of all classes
• सर्ववर्णानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व + वर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural); कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुषप्रायः ('of all varṇas')

• सम्यक्: properly
• सम्यक्: Prakāra (प्रकार/Mode)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम्यक् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: properly/rightly)

• धर्मार्थपालिनाम्: of those who uphold dharma and artha
• धर्मार्थपालिनाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म + अर्थ + पालिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural); तत्पुरुषः (धर्मस्य च अर्थस्य च पालिनः = 'protectors of dharma and artha')

Speakers

• Not specified in input (a vocative indicates an addressed listener
• identity not given here)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Varṇāśrama-dharma
• Social ethics
• Balance of dharma and artha
• Governance and order

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

A stable society integrates spiritual duty (dharma) with material welfare (artha) through role- and life-stage–appropriate responsibilities.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra/dharma material embedded in purāṇic discourse; it undergirds Manvantara functioning by defining how humans live within a given age.

What is the esoteric significance?

Varṇa and āśrama can be read as inner ‘modes’ and ‘stages’ of growth; dharma is the harmonizing principle that aligns one’s capacities (guṇa) with right action.