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Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 46, Shloka 17

Adhyaya 46 — Cosmic Dissolution, the Emergence of Brahma, and the Measures of Time (Yugas, Manvantaras, and Brahma’s Day)

Sanskrit

ब्रह्मत्वे सृजते लोकान् रुद्रत्वे संहरत्यपि ।

विष्णुत्वे चाप्युदासीनस्तिस्त्रोऽवस्थाः स्वयम्भुवः ॥

Transliteration

brahmatve sṛjate lokān rudratve saṃharaty api | viṣṇutve cāpy udāsīnas tistro 'vasthāḥ svayambhuvaḥ ||

Translation

在梵天之位，他创造诸世界；在鲁陀罗之位，他亦使诸世界归于消融；而在毗湿奴之位，他为“优陀西那”（udāsīna），即平等安住、稳固而离著。此乃自生者（Svayambhū）之三种状态。

Word by Word
ब्रह्मत्वेin (the state of) Brahmā-hood
ब्रह्मत्वे:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मत्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; भाववाचक-तद्धितान्त (-त्व) ‘in the state of Brahmāhood’
सृजतेcreates
सृजते:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootसृज् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; ‘creates’
लोकान्worlds
लोकान्:
कर्म (Karman/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootलोक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन
रुद्रत्वेin (the state of) Rudra-hood
रुद्रत्वे:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootरुद्रत्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन; भाववाचक-तद्धितान्त (-त्व)
संहरतिdestroys/withdraws
संहरति:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootसं-हृ (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; उपसर्ग: सं-; ‘withdraws/destroys’
अपिalso
अपि:
सम्बन्ध/निपात (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), समुच्चय/अपि-भाव ‘also/even’
विष्णुत्वेin (the state of) Viṣṇu-hood
विष्णुत्वे:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootविष्णुत्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन; भाववाचक-तद्धितान्त (-त्व)
चand
च:
सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
अपिalso
अपि:
सम्बन्ध/निपात (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle)
उदासीनःindifferent/neutral
उदासीनः:
कर्तृसम्बन्धी विशेषण (Adjectival to subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootउदासीन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; विशेषण ‘indifferent/neutral’
तिस्रःthree
तिस्रः:
विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन; संख्या-विशेषण (numeral adjective)
अवस्थाःstates/conditions
अवस्थाः:
कर्ता/विषय (Karta/Subject complement)
TypeNoun
Rootअवस्था (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन
स्वयम्भुवःthe Self-born (creator)
स्वयम्भुवः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वयम्भू (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषनाम ‘the Self-born’
Speakers
Not specified in input.
Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities
Svayambhū (as the one assuming Brahmā/Viṣṇu/Rudra roles)
Key Themes
Three cosmic functionsDivine detachmentUnity of Trimūrti

FAQs

The preserver aspect is characterized by steadiness and impartiality (udāsīnatā), implying that true protection is grounded in balance rather than passion or aversion.

It compactly maps Sarga (creation), and Pratisarga/Pralaya (dissolution), with Sthiti (maintenance) framed as the stable middle function.

The three ‘states’ can be internalized as phases of experience: arising, subsiding, and the witnessing equilibrium that holds continuity.

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