Shloka 14

Adhyaya 46 — Cosmic Dissolution, the Emergence of Brahma, and the Measures of Time (Yugas, Manvantaras, and Brahma’s Day)

Sanskrit

ब्रह्मत्वे स प्रजाः सृष्ट्वा ततः सत्त्वातिरेकवान् ।

विष्णुत्वमेत्य धर्मेण कुरुते परिपालनम् ॥

Transliteration

brahmatve sa prajāḥ sṛṣṭvā tataḥ sattvātirekavān | viṣṇutvam etya dharmeṇa kurute paripālanam ||

Translation

在梵天之位态中，他创造众生；继而当萨埵（sattva）占优势时，他证得毗湿奴（Viṣṇu）之位态，并依达摩（dharma）而行护持。

Word by Word

• ब्रह्मत्वे: in the state of Brahmā
• ब्रह्मत्वे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मत्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• प्रजाः: creatures/subjects
• प्रजाः: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रजा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन

• सृष्ट्वा: having created
• सृष्ट्वा: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सृज् (धातु) + त्वा (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय-कृदन्त (gerund/absolutive)

• ततः: then/thereafter
• ततः: सम्बन्ध/क्रम (Sequence)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb: thereafter/from that)

• सत्त्वातिरेकवान्: having predominance of sattva
• सत्त्वातिरेकवान्: कर्ता (Karta/Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्त्व + अतिरेक + वत् (प्रातिपदिक-समूह)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी/सम्बन्ध-तत्पुरुष (sattvasya atirekaḥ) + वत् (possessive)

• विष्णुत्वम्: Viṣṇu-hood/state of Viṣṇu
• विष्णुत्वम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्णुत्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• एत्य: having gone to/attained
• एत्य: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: इ (धातु) + ल्यप् (कृदन्त)
• Form: ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय-कृदन्त (gerund)

• धर्मेण: by righteousness/according to dharma
• धर्मेण: करण (Karaṇa/Means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• कुरुते: does/performs
• कुरुते: क्रिया (Verb/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• परिपालनम्: protection/maintenance
• परिपालनम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परि + पाल (धातु) + अन (प्रातिपदिक/भाव)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; क्रियानाम (verbal noun)

Speakers

• Not specified in input.

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Brahmā
• Viṣṇu

Key Themes

• Sthiti (preservation)
• Dharma as sustaining order
• Sattva-guṇa

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Preservation is portrayed as dharma-driven governance: stability, harmony, and protection arise when sattva predominates. Ethically, it elevates dharma as the principle that sustains worlds and societies.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Sarga (creation) is referenced, but the main emphasis is on Sthiti—maintenance of the created order via the Viṣṇu-function.

What is the esoteric significance?

Sattva signifies clarity and equilibrium; the ‘Viṣṇu-state’ can symbolize the stabilizing intelligence within consciousness that preserves coherence amid change.