Shloka 66

Adhyaya 45 — Jaimini’s Cosmological Questions and the Opening of Markandeya’s Account of Primary Creation

Sanskrit

समुदा गर्भसलिलं तस्याण्डस्य महात्मनः ।

तस्मिन्नण्डे जगत् सर्वं सदेवासुरमानुषम् ॥

Transliteration

samudā garbhasalilaṃ tasyāṇḍasya mahātmanaḥ | tasminn aṇḍe jagat sarvaṃ sadevāsuramānuṣam

Translation

诸海乃彼大宇宙卵之胚胎之水。卵中具足整个世界，并与诸天、阿修罗及人类同在其中。

Word by Word

• समुदाः: oceans
• समुदाः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समुद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन

• गर्भसलिलम्: the embryonic waters
• गर्भसलिलम्: सम्बन्ध/विशेष्य (Apposition/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गर्भ-सलिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष ‘fluid of the womb/embryonic water’

• तस्य: of that
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी एकवचन; genitive

• अण्डस्य: of the cosmic egg
• अण्डस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी एकवचन

• महात्मनः: of the great one
• महात्मनः: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी एकवचन; adjective in genitive qualifying अण्डस्य (‘of the great-souled’)

• तस्मिन्: in that
• तस्मिन्: अधिकरण (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी एकवचन; locative

• अण्डे: in the egg
• अण्डे: अधिकरण (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी एकवचन

• जगत्: the world
• जगत्: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जगत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन

• सर्वम्: entire
• सर्वम्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; agrees with जगत्

• स-देव-असुर-मानुषम्: together with gods, asuras, and humans
• स-देव-असुर-मानुषम्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + देव + असुर + मानुष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; dvandva ‘gods, asuras, and humans’ with स- ‘together with’ qualifying जगत्

Speakers

• Same cosmological narration; speaker not explicitly marked in the verse

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Brahmāṇḍa
• Primordial waters
• Three classes of beings (deva/asura/manuṣya)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

All orders of beings are presented as co-inhabitants of one cosmic enclosure, implying a shared ontological ground and interdependence.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Sarga: description of the universe’s formation and its constituents within the cosmic egg.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Embryonic waters’ (garbha-salila) aligns macrocosm and microcosm: creation is modeled on gestation, with waters as the sustaining medium of emergence.