Shloka 36

Adhyaya 39 — Yoga Discipline: Posture, Breath Control, Sense Withdrawal, and Signs of Attainment

Sanskrit

द्वे धारणॆ स्मृते योगे योगिभिस्तत्त्वदृष्टिभिः । तथा वै योगयुक्तस्य योगिनो नियतात्मनः ॥

Transliteration

dve dhāraṇe smṛte yoge yogibhis tattvadṛṣṭibhiḥ | tathā vai yogayuktasya yogino niyatātmanaḥ ||

Translation

于瑜伽之道，见真实（tattva）之瑜伽行者忆念：所谓持念（dhāraṇā）有二种。复次，对于与瑜伽相应而自制之瑜伽者……（文义在此偈之后续说）。

Word by Word

• द्वे: two
• द्वे: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine/Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Dual; here with ‘धारणॆ’ (dual) = ‘two’

• धारणॆ: two dhāraṇās
• धारणॆ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धारणा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual (Vedic/variant spelling धारणॆ for धारणे)

• स्मृते: are remembered/declared
• स्मृते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्मृ (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Feminine, Nominative, Dual; ‘are remembered/are stated’ agreeing with ‘धारणॆ’

• योगे: in yoga
• योगे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: योग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular

• योगिभिः: by yogins
• योगिभिः: Karaṇa/Agent-instrument (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: योगिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural

• तत्त्वदृष्टिभिः: with insight into reality
• तत्त्वदृष्टिभिः: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तत्त्व + दृष्टि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Plural; तत्पुरुष: तत्त्व + दृष्टि (‘vision of reality’); qualifying ‘योगिभिः’ (yogins possessing such vision)

• तथा: thus/likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण अव्यय)

• वै: indeed
• वै: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), emphasis

• योगयुक्तस्य: of one engaged in yoga
• योगयुक्तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: योगयुक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; तत्पुरुष: योग + युक्त (‘joined with yoga/engaged in yoga’)

• योगिनः: of the yogin
• योगिनः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: योगिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• नियतात्मनः: of the self-controlled (one)
• नियतात्मनः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नियतात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular; बहुव्रीहि: नियत + आत्मन् (‘one whose self is restrained/controlled’)

Speakers

• Father–son dialogue (specific names not provided in the input)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Yoga
• Dhāraṇā
• Tradition of yogins (smṛti/paramparā)
• Self-restraint

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Yoga is presented as a tested knowledge-tradition: ‘tattva-seeing’ practitioners preserve precise distinctions (here, two dhāraṇās), implying seriousness and rigor in inner practice.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Upadeśa on yoga; not pañcalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

The mention of ‘two dhāraṇās’ points to graded inner holding—often interpreted in related traditions as holding prāṇa versus holding awareness on an object—leading toward deeper meditative absorption (the continuation likely specifies them).