Shloka 41
Adhyāya 168: Arjuna’s counters to māyā-rains and the onset of darkness
Nivātakavaca engagement
Devanagari script
ततः प्रहस्य तद् भूतं तत्रैवान्तरधीयत । सह स्त्रीभिर्महाराज पश्यतो मे<द्भधुतोपमम्
Transliteration
tataḥ prahasya tad bhūtaṃ tatraivāntaradhīyata | saha strībhiḥ mahārāja paśyato me adbhutopamam ||
Translation
随后，那诡异之者大笑着，在我注视之下，连同诸女就在原地隐没无踪——伟大的国王啊。
Word by Word
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
Formअव्यय
प्रहस्यhaving laughed
प्रहस्य:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-हस् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (absolutive/gerund), ‘having laughed’
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
भूतम्being, creature
भूतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभूत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय
एवindeed, just
एव:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय
अन्तर्धीयतvanished, disappeared
अन्तर्धीयत:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअन्तर्धा + धा (धातु)
Formलङ् (imperfect), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
सहtogether with
सह:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह (अव्यय/उपसर्गसदृश)
Formअव्यय (सह + तृतीया)
स्त्रीभिःwith women
स्त्रीभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
पश्यतःwhile (I) was watching; of (me) watching
पश्यतः:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootपश्यत् (√पश् धातोः शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन (present active participle used as genitive: ‘of me who was seeing’)
मेmy / to me
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी/चतुर्थी, एकवचन (enclitic)
Speaker
अजुन उवाच
Characters & Entities
A
Arjuna (speaker)M
Mahārāja (addressed king, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira in context)B
bhūta (a supernatural being/creature)S
striyaḥ (women)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights the need for humility and discernment: not everything can be subdued by strength or impulse, and one should recognize when an event lies beyond ordinary control, responding with restraint rather than pride.
Arjuna reports that a wondrous, uncanny being laughed and vanished on the spot along with the women, disappearing before his very eyes, emphasizing the extraordinary nature of the encounter.