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Shloka 12

Hanūmān’s Embrace, Counsel, and Promise to Amplify Bhīma’s Battle-Roar

Gandhamādana Continuation

न तत्र धर्मा: सीदन्ति क्षीयन्ते न च वै प्रजा: । ततः कृतयुगं नाम कालेन गुणतां गतम्‌,उस समय धर्मका हास नहीं होता था। प्रजाका अर्थात्‌ (माता-पिताके रहते हुए) संतानका नाश नहीं होता था। तदनन्तर कालक्रमसे उसमें गौणता आ गयी

na tatra dharmāḥ sīdanti kṣīyante na ca vai prajāḥ | tataḥ kṛtayugaṃ nāma kālena guṇatāṃ gatam ||

毗摩说:“在那一劫中,诸法不衰,人民亦不凋敝;父母尚在之时,子女不致夭亡。然而后来,随着时间推移,那名为克利多劫的时代失却了圆满的卓越,品性转而居于次等。”

nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
tatrathere
tatra:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra
dharmāḥduties/virtues (dharmas)
dharmāḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootdharma
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
sīdantidecline/sink
sīdanti:
TypeVerb
Rootsad
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
kṣīyanteperish/are diminished
kṣīyante:
TypeVerb
Rootkṣi
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
vaiindeed
vai:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai
prajāḥcreatures/people/offspring
prajāḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootprajā
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
tataḥthen/thereafter
tataḥ:
TypeIndeclinable
Roottataḥ
kṛtayugamthe Kṛta-yuga (Golden Age)
kṛtayugam:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootkṛtayuga
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
nāmaby name/so-called
nāma:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnāman
kālenaby time
kālena:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootkāla
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
guṇatāmsecondary status/degeneration (state of being a mere quality)
guṇatām:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootguṇatā
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
gatamgone/attained
gatam:
TypeVerb
Rootgam
Formkta, Neuter, Nominative, Singular

भीम उवाच

B
Bhīma
K
Kṛta Yuga
K
Kāla (Time)

Educational Q&A

The verse presents the idea that moral order (dharma) is strongest in the Kṛta Yuga, where social and familial stability prevail; yet even that ideal condition is not permanent, because time (kāla) inevitably brings diminution of excellence.

Bhīma is describing characteristics of the earliest age (Kṛta Yuga): dharma does not decline and the populace does not suffer premature loss, especially the unnatural death of children before parents. He then notes that, with the passage of time, that age’s superior quality waned.