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Shloka 43

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय ९३: कृष्णस्य धृतराष्ट्रोपदेशः

Kṛṣṇa’s Counsel to Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the Assembly

निमन्त्रयन्तामासनैश्नव सत्कारेण च भूयसा । नैतेष्वनुपविष्टेषु शक्यं केनचिदासितुम्‌,“इन्हें अत्यन्त सत्कारपूर्वक आसन देकर निमन्त्रित किया जाय, क्योंकि इनके बैठे बिना कोई भी बैठ नहीं सकता

nimantrayantām āsanaiḥ nava satkāreṇa ca bhūyasā | na eteṣv anupaviṣṭeṣu śakyaṃ kenacid āsitum ||

毗湿摩波耶那说道:“当以新设座席、加倍礼敬,请诸圣入座。未待诸圣就席,任何人都不可坐下。”此言强调伦理次序:先敬尊长与贵宾,方能在大会中立礼成序。

निमन्त्रयन्ताम्let them invite
निमन्त्रयन्ताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootनिमन्त्रय् (धातु: मन्त्र् + नि उपसर्ग; caus./denom. sense 'invite')
Formलोट् (imperative/benedictive sense), 3, plural, परस्मैपद
आसनैःwith seats
आसनैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआसन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसक, तृतीया, बहुवचन
नुindeed/now (emphatic particle)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
सत्कारेणwith honor/respectful reception
सत्कारेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्कार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भूयसाmore/abundantly; with greater (honor)
भूयसा:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootभूयस् (प्रातिपदिक; comparative used adverbially)
Formनपुंसक, तृतीया, एकवचन
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एतेषुwhen/among these (persons)
एतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन
अनुपविष्टेषुwhen they have not sat down / in their not being seated
अनुपविष्टेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअनुपविष्ट (कृदन्त; उप-√विश् with अनु; past passive participle)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन
शक्यम्possible
शक्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्य (कृदन्त; √शक्, potential/passive adjectival)
Formनपुंसक, प्रथमा, एकवचन
केनचित्by anyone
केनचित्:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम) + चित् (अव्यय-प्रत्यय)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसक (contextual), तृतीया, एकवचन
आसितुम्to sit
आसितुम्:
TypeVerb
Root√आस् (धातु)
Formतुमुन् (infinitive)

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches the dharmic principle of satkāra—properly honoring distinguished guests/elders by offering them seats and precedence. Social order in an assembly is maintained by ensuring those worthy of honor are seated first.

In the context of an assembly, instructions are given to invite certain eminent persons and seat them with special honor. The narrator emphasizes that others should not take their seats until these honored individuals have been seated.