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Shloka 14

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 64: Arjuna’s Instruction to Sanjaya

Message to the Kuru Assembly

यत्‌ तद्‌ विराटनगरे सह भ्रातृभिरग्रतः । उत्सृज्य गा: सुसंत्रस्तं बल॑ ते समशीर्यत

yat tad virāṭa-nagare saha bhrātṛbhir agrataḥ | utsṛjya gāḥ su-saṁtrastaṁ balaṁ te samaśīryata ||

毗度罗说道:维罗吒城中的那件事众所周知——你与诸弟在前督战时,你的军队出征迎敌,却弃牛群于不顾,因极度恐惧而阵列崩散、当面奔逃。并且那处所传的奇绝之战——一名战士(阿周那)独当众人——仅此一例,已足以证明他压倒性的威力与近乎不可战胜。

यत्which/that (what)
यत्:
Karma
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद्
Formrelative pronoun; neuter; nominative/accusative; singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद्
Formdemonstrative pronoun; neuter; nominative/accusative; singular
विराट-नगरेin the city of Virāṭa
विराट-नगरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविराटनगर
Formneuter; locative; singular
सहtogether with
सह:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
Formindeclinable (preposition-like)
भ्रातृभिःwith (your) brothers
भ्रातृभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
Formmasculine; instrumental; plural
अग्रतःin front; before (your eyes)
अग्रतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअग्रतः
Formindeclinable (adverb)
उत्सृज्यhaving abandoned/left
उत्सृज्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-√सृज्
Formabsolutive (क्त्वा-न्त); indeclinable
गाःcows
गाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगो
Formfeminine; accusative; plural
सु-संत्रस्तम्very frightened
सु-संत्रस्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुसंत्रस्त
Formneuter; accusative; singular (agreeing with बलम् understood)
बलम्army/force
बलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबल
Formneuter; nominative/accusative; singular
तेyour
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formgenitive; singular
समशीर्यत्broke up/dispersed
समशीर्यत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-√शॄ (शृ)
Formimperfect (लङ्); 3rd person; singular; parasmaipada

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
V
Virāṭa-nagara (city of Virāṭa)
K
Kaurava brothers (Duryodhana and his brothers, implied)
K
Kaurava army (bala)
C
cattle (gāḥ)
A
Arjuna (implied as the single warrior)

Educational Q&A

Vidura urges sober realism and ethical restraint: arrogance should be checked by remembering concrete evidence of the Pāṇḍavas’ strength. Ignoring such proof and pursuing an unjust war leads to ruin; wise policy aligns with dharma and with accurate assessment of power.

Vidura recalls the Virāṭa episode (the cattle raid): the Kaurava force, led in the presence of the Kuru princes, panicked and fled after abandoning the seized cattle. He points to the famed spectacle of one warrior—Arjuna—fighting many as decisive proof of Arjuna’s might.