Shloka 31
हंस–साध्यसंवादः, वाक्-निग्रहः, महाकुल-लक्षणम्, शान्ति-उपायः
Hamsa–Sādhya Dialogue; Restraint of Speech; Marks of Noble Lineage; Means to Peace
अष्टौ गुणा: पुरुषं दीपयन्ति प्रज्ञा च कौल्यं च श्रुतं दमश्न । पराक्रमश्चाबहुभाषिता च दानं यथाशक्ति कृतज्ञता च
aṣṭau guṇāḥ puruṣaṃ dīpayanti prajñā ca kaulyaṃ ca śrutaṃ damaś ca | parākramaś cābahubhāṣitā ca dānaṃ yathāśakti kṛtajñatā ca ||
毗度罗教示：有八德使人于世间与法道之途熠熠生辉——明澈之智、门第与行止之高贵、由圣典传统而来的学识、自制、勇毅之力、寡言之度、量力而施的布施、以及知恩感德。此等德行，方为真饰，能在政局紧张之际支撑伦理之生。
विदुर उवाच
Educational Q&A
A person’s true brilliance comes from cultivated virtues—wisdom, noble conduct, learning, self-control, courage, restrained speech, appropriate generosity, and gratitude—rather than from power or status alone.
In Vidura’s counsel during the Udyoga Parva’s tense pre-war diplomacy, he lists the virtues that should guide leaders and individuals, implicitly critiquing reckless pride and urging dharmic character as the basis of policy and conduct.