Shloka 9

कुरुक्षेत्रे सेनानिवेशवृत्तान्तः — Dhṛtarāṣṭra Questions Saṃjaya on the Deployed Armies

Devanagari script

कृष्ण उवाच यथाहति भवान्‌ वक्तुमस्मिन्‌ काले हुपस्थिते । तथेदमर्थवद्‌ वाक्यमुक्त ते भरतर्षभ

Transliteration

kṛṣṇa uvāca | yathāhati bhavān vaktum asmin kāle hy upasthite | tathā idam arthavad vākyam uktaṃ te bharatarṣabha |

Translation

克里希纳说道：“噢，婆罗多族中的雄杰！此刻正是应随势而言之时；你所说之语，确然切中时机，且义理充实。”

Word by Word

• कृष्णः: Krishna
• कृष्णः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्ण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• यथा: as / in the manner that
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• अर्हति: is proper / deserves
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्ह्
• Form: Present, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• भवान्: you (honorific)
• भवान्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भवत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• वक्तुम्: to speak
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Tumun (infinitive)

• अस्मिन्: in this
• अस्मिन्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

• काले: at the time
• काले: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• उपस्थिते: when (it is) present / having arrived
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उपस्थित
• Form: Past passive participle (kta) from उप-स्था, Masculine, Locative, Singular

• तथा: so / in that manner
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• अर्थवत्: meaningful
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अर्थवत्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• वाक्यम्: statement / speech
• वाक्यम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• उक्तम्: spoken / said
• Type: Verb
• Root: उक्त
• Form: Past passive participle (kta) from वच्, Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• ते: to you
• ते: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Dative, Singular, 2nd

• भरतर्षभ: O bull among the Bharatas
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत-ऋषभ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

कृष्ण उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Krishna
• Bharatarṣabha (a Bharata prince addressed honorifically)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Speech should be appropriate to the moment and guided by purpose (arthavat)—timely, meaningful counsel is itself a form of dharma, especially in high-stakes decisions.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Udyoga Parva’s tense pre-war deliberations, Krishna responds to a Bharata leader’s statement, affirming that the words spoken were fitting for the present crisis and carried substantial meaning.