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Shloka 3

कुरुक्षेत्रे सेनानिवेशवृत्तान्तः — Dhṛtarāṣṭra Questions Saṃjaya on the Deployed Armies

प्रजापतिमिवौदार्ये तेजसा भास्करोपमम्‌ | महेन्द्रमिव शत्रूणां ध्वंसनं शरवृष्टिभि:

prajāpatim ivaudārye tejasā bhāskaropamam | mahendram iva śatrūṇāṁ dhvaṁsanaṁ śaravṛṣṭibhiḥ || janamejaya uvāca ||

阇那美阇耶说道:“其施与如生主(Prajāpati),其光辉如日轮;以箭雨摧敌,如大因陀罗。闻恒河之子、宏伟的毗湿摩——诸持兵者之最胜,在诸王之中高标如旗——已为那可怖而令人战栗的‘战祭’受持长久灌顶誓之后,臂力无双、诸战士之首的坚战(Yudhiṣṭhira)说了什么?毗摩与阿周那又说了什么?而世尊室利·奎师那又如何陈述其见解?”

प्रजापतिम्Prajāpati
प्रजापतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजापति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
औदार्येin generosity
औदार्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootऔदार्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तेजसाby radiance/splendor
तेजसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
भास्करthe Sun
भास्कर:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभास्कर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
उपमम्comparable to; like
उपमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउपम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
महेन्द्रम्Mahendra (Indra)
महेन्द्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहेन्द्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
शत्रूणाम्of enemies
शत्रूणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
ध्वंसनम्destruction
ध्वंसनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootध्वंसन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शरwith arrows
शर:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
वृष्टिभिःby showers (rains)
वृष्टिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवृष्टि
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural

जनमेजय उवाच

J
Janamejaya
P
Prajāpati
B
Bhāskara (Sun)
M
Mahendra/Indra
B
Bhīṣma
G
Gaṅgā
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Bhīmasena
A
Arjuna
Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
Ś
śara (arrows)
D
dhvaja (banner/standard)
R
raṇa-yajña (battle-sacrifice)
D
dīkṣā (consecration)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames Bhīṣma’s martial excellence within ethical and cosmic ideals: generosity (Prajāpati), radiance (Sun), and enemy-subduing power (Indra). By calling war a ‘raṇa-yajña’ and Bhīṣma’s commitment a ‘dīkṣā’, it highlights how kṣatriya action is traditionally interpreted as a vowed duty requiring discipline, restraint, and accountability—not mere violence.

Janamejaya, hearing that Bhīṣma has effectively ‘taken vows’ for the impending terrible conflict, asks Vaiśaṃpāyana to report the reactions and counsel among the Pāṇḍava side—what Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, and Arjuna said, and how Kṛṣṇa articulated his opinion—setting up the next portion of the dialogue and strategy.