Shloka 20
अध्याय १२२ — कृष्णस्य दुर्योधनं प्रति नीत्युपदेशः
Kṛṣṇa’s Ethical Counsel to Duryodhana
Devanagari script
श्रोतव्यं हितकामानां सुहृदां हितमिच्छताम् । न कर्तव्यों हि निर्बन्धो निर्बन्धो हि क्षयोदय:
Transliteration
śrotavyaṃ hitakāmānāṃ suhṛdāṃ hitam icchatām | na kartavyo hi nirbandho nirbandho hi kṣayodayaḥ ||
Translation
那罗陀说道：“当听从那些怀善意、愿你得益的友人之言。切莫纵容执拗强求；此等顽固，正是败亡与祸害之源。”
Word by Word
श्रोतव्यम्should be listened to
श्रोतव्यम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु)
Formतव्यत्, नपुंसक, प्रथमा, एकवचन
हितकामानाम्of those desiring (your) welfare
हितकामानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootहितकाम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
सुहृदाम्of friends / well-wishers
सुहृदाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसुहृद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
हितम्welfare, benefit
हितम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसक, द्वितीया, एकवचन
इच्छताम्of those wishing
इच्छताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootइष्/इच्छ् (धातु)
Formशतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
कर्तव्यःshould be done
कर्तव्यः:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formतव्यत्, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
निर्बन्धःobstinate insistence, dogged insistence
निर्बन्धः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिर्बन्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
निर्बन्धःobstinate insistence
निर्बन्धः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिर्बन्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
क्षयोदयःdestruction and rise (i.e., ruinous consequence / leading to loss and upheaval)
क्षयोदयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षयोदय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
Speaker
नारद उवाच
Characters & Entities
N
NāradaCharacter Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Accept counsel from genuine well-wishers and avoid stubborn insistence; obstinacy clouds judgment and becomes a direct cause of ruin.
Nārada delivers moral-political counsel, urging the listener to heed friendly advice and warning that rigid obstinacy leads toward destruction—an admonition suited to the tense pre-war deliberations of the Udyoga Parva.