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Shloka 11

Saṃsāra-mārga-vistaraḥ

Vidura’s Expanded Account of the Path

नरेश्वर! यदि शब्द, स्पर्श, रूप, रस और नाना प्रकारकी गन्धोंसे युक्त, मज्जा और मांसरूपी बड़ी भारी कीचड़से भरे हुए एवं सब ओरसे अवलम्बशून्य इस शरीररूपी कूपमें रहनेवाला मनुष्य इन व्याधियोंसे किसी तरह मुक्त हो जाय तो भी अन्तमें रूप-सौन्दर्यका विनाश करनेवाली वृद्धावस्था तो उसे घेर ही लेती है ।। संवत्सराश्ष मासाशक्ष पक्षाहोरात्रसंधय: । क्रमेणास्योपयुञ्जन्ति रूपमायुस्तथैव च

nareśvara! yadi śabda-sparśa-rūpa-rasa-nānāprakāra-gandhaiḥ yuktaṃ majjā-māṃsa-rūpī-bhārī-kīcaḍa-pūrṇaṃ sarvataḥ avalamba-śūnyaṃ śarīra-rūpaṃ kūpaṃ nivāsī manuṣyaḥ etābhir vyādhibhiḥ kathaṃcid mukto 'pi syāt, tathāpi ante rūpa-saundarya-vināśinī vṛddhāvasthā tam avaśyaṃ gṛhṇāti. saṃvatsarāś ca māsāś ca pakṣāhorātra-sandhayaḥ krameṇāsya upayuñjanti rūpam āyus tathaiva ca.

毗度罗说道:“大王啊,即便那居于此身之人——此身如一口井,盛满髓与肉的沉重淤泥,四面无所支撑,又被声、触、色、味与无数香气所诱引——设法摆脱诸病,终究仍要被摧毁容色与美貌的衰老所围困。岁与月、半月、昼与夜及其交替之际,依次而行,稳稳地吞噬他的形貌,也同样吞噬他的寿命。”

संवत्सराःyears
संवत्सराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंवत्सर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मासाःmonths
मासाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पक्षाःfortnights
पक्षाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपक्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अहोरात्रसन्धयःjunctions of day and night (twilights)
अहोरात्रसन्धयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहोरात्रसन्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
क्रमेणin sequence, gradually
क्रमेण:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्रम
अस्यof him/this (person)
अस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
उपयुञ्जन्तिthey consume/appropriate (use up)
उपयुञ्जन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootयुज् (युञ्ज्) उप-
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
रूपम्form, beauty
रूपम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरूप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आयुःlife-span
आयुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआयुस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तथैवjust so, likewise
तथैव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा + एव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
K
King (addressed as nareśvara)

Educational Q&A

Even if one avoids illness, aging is unavoidable; time steadily consumes both bodily beauty and lifespan. The ethical thrust is toward detachment from sensual fixation and pride in appearance, and toward sober reflection on what is lasting and dharmic.

In the Strī Parva’s lament-filled aftermath of war, Vidura addresses the king with counsel. He uses stark bodily imagery and the measure of time (years, months, fortnights, days, nights) to underline the inevitability of decline, guiding the listener away from grief-driven delusion and toward clear-sighted understanding.