Shloka 21
Vyavahāra-Śuddhi and Rājadharma: Clean Administration, Counsel, and Proportional Punishment
Chapter 86
विनयेच्चापि दुर्वृत्तान् प्रहारैरपि पार्थिव: । सान्त्वेनोपप्रदानेन शिष्टांश्ष परिपालयेत्
vinayec cāpi durvṛttān prahārair api pārthivaḥ | sāntvenopapradānena śiṣṭāṁś ca paripālayet ||
毗湿摩说道：国王也应设法使凶恶与行止不端之人归于纪律，必要时甚至可用惩戒之杖。然对有教养、有德行之士，则当以柔和之言抚慰安定，并赐予安适与供给以护持之。故治国之道，须兼具严正纠恶与敬重扶善。
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
A ruler must apply differentiated means: restrain the wicked through discipline and punishment when needed, while nurturing the virtuous through respectful conciliation and material support—balancing firmness with benevolence as a principle of rājadharma.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhīṣma advises Yudhiṣṭhira on practical statecraft: how a king should deal with different kinds of subjects—correcting wrongdoers and sustaining the well-conducted.