Shloka 20
Vyavahāra-Śuddhi and Rājadharma: Clean Administration, Counsel, and Proportional Punishment
Chapter 86
अपराधानुरूपं च दण्डं पापेषु धारयेत् । वियोजयेद् धनैर््रद्धानधनानथ बन्धनै:
aparādhānurūpaṃ ca daṇḍaṃ pāpeṣu dhārayet | viyojayet dhanair āḍhyān adhanān atha bandhanaiḥ ||
毗湿摩说道：刑罚应当与罪行相称，尤其在作恶之事上更当如此。罪人若富，当以罚金或没收使其与财物分离；若贫，当以拘束之具加以约束——收押或监禁。故而，正法之治在于矫正与衡量，不在于任意专断。
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Punishment (daṇḍa) must be proportionate to the offence (aparādha-anurūpa). The ruler should apply suitable penalties: financial deprivation for the wealthy and custodial restraint for the poor, aiming at fair and effective justice.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rāja-dharma, Bhishma advises Yudhishthira on how a king should administer justice, specifying practical modes of punishment depending on the offender’s means.