Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 36

Daṇḍanīti and the King as the Cause of Yuga-Order (दण्डनीतिः राजधर्मश्च युगकारणत्वम्)

यदि युद्धका ही निश्चय हो तो पशुशालाओंको वनमेंसे उठाकर सड़कोंपर ले आवे, छोटे-छोटे गाँवोंको उठा दे और उन सबको शाखानगरों (कस्बों) में मिला दे ।।

yadi yuddhakā hi niścayo bhavet, paśuśālāḥ vanāt samuddhṛtya rathyeṣu ānayet; kṣudrāṇi grāmāṇi samuddharet, tāni sarvāṇi śākhānagareṣu (nigameṣu) saṃyojayet. ye guptāś caiva durgāś ca deśāḥ, teṣu praveśayet; dhaninaḥ balamukhyāṃś ca sāntvayitvā punaḥ punaḥ, rājye ye pradhānāḥ senānāyakāḥ pramukhā vā senāḥ, tān sarvān atyanta-gupta-durgameṣu sthāpayet.

毗湿摩说道:“若已确然决意用兵,统治者当将牛棚畜舍自林中迁出,移至大道之旁;又当迁徙小村,使之并入边镇支城。并应将民众与资财转入既隐蔽又难以攻入的地域。凡富户与军中要员——乃至诸主力部队——都当一再加以安抚鼓舞,然后安置于极其隐秘、凭借地势天然可守之处。”

yethose who/which
ye:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootyad
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
guptāḥhidden, secret
guptāḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootgupta
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
evaindeed, just
eva:
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva
durgāḥforts/strongholds
durgāḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootdurga
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
deśāḥregions/places
deśāḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootdeśa
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
teṣuin/among them
teṣu:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Roottad
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
praveśayetshould cause to enter / should place
praveśayet:
TypeVerb
Rootpra-viś
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, Causative sense (ṇic): 'cause to enter/place'
dhaninaḥthe wealthy (persons)
dhaninaḥ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootdhanin
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
bala-mukhyānchiefs/leaders of the army
bala-mukhyān:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootbala-mukhya
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
sāntvayitvāhaving reassured/conciliated
sāntvayitvā:
TypeVerb
Rootsam-√tvai (sāntvayati)
FormAbsolutive (ktvā), Parasmaipada (from causative/denominative sāntvayati), having comforted/conciliated
punaḥagain
punaḥ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpunaḥ
punaḥagain (repeatedly)
punaḥ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpunaḥ

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
kingdom (rājya)
V
villages (grāma)
B
branch-towns/market-towns (śākhānagara/nigama)
F
forests (vana)
R
roads/streets (rathyāḥ)
C
cattle-sheds (paśuśālāḥ)
W
wealthy citizens (dhaninaḥ)
A
army leaders and main forces (balamukhyāḥ, pramukhāḥ senāḥ)
S
secret and defensible regions (guptā durgā deśāḥ)

Educational Q&A

When war becomes unavoidable, a ruler’s dharma shifts to protective governance: consolidate vulnerable settlements, secure resources, place key personnel and forces in concealed and defensible locations, and sustain public and military morale through repeated reassurance.

Bhishma is instructing Yudhishthira on rājadharma in the Shanti Parva, outlining practical steps a king should take once the decision for war is made—relocating villages and assets, and deploying leaders and troops to secure, hard-to-attack areas.