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Shloka 19

Rājā–Rāja-Śabda-Prabhavaḥ — The Origin and Rationale of Kingship and Daṇḍanīti

तांस्तु कामवशं प्राप्तान्‌ रागो नाम समस्पृशत्‌ । रक्ताश्न नाभ्यजानन्त कार्याकार्ये युधिष्ठिर

tāṁs tu kāmavaśaṁ prāptān rāgo nāma samaspṛśat | raktāś ca nābhyajānanta kāryākārye yudhiṣṭhira ||

毗湿摩说道:那些人一旦落入欲望的支配,便被贪染之情(rāga)所攫住。被其炽热所灼,噢,坚战啊,他们再也不能分辨何者当为,何者不当为。

तान्them
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
काम-वशम्under the control of desire
काम-वशम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकामवश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्तान्having reached / fallen into
प्राप्तान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-आप् (प्राप्त)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
रागःpassion/attachment
रागः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नामcalled/namely
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम
समस्पृशत्touched/seized
समस्पृशत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + स्पृश्
FormImperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
रक्ताःinflamed/attached
रक्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अभ्यजानन्तknew/recognized
अभ्यजानन्त:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि + ज्ञा
FormImperfect, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
कार्य-अकार्येin (matters of) what should be done and what should not be done
कार्य-अकार्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकार्य + अकार्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Dual
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
Y
Yudhishthira

Educational Q&A

When desire takes control, it gives rise to attachment/passion (rāga), which clouds judgment; a person then loses the ability to distinguish kārya (duty/right action) from akārya (wrong/forbidden action).

In Bhishma’s instruction to Yudhishthira in the Shanti Parva, he explains how people who become dominated by desire are overtaken by passion, and in that state they fail to recognize what is ethically required versus what is prohibited.