Shloka 53

Atithi-prāpti and the Brāhmaṇa’s Deliberation on Triadic Dharma (अतिथिप्राप्तिः धर्मत्रयविचारश्च)

Devanagari script

सर्वे भागान्‌ कल्पयध्वं यज्ञेषु मम नित्यश: । तथा श्रेयोडभिधास्यामि यथाधीकारमी श्वरा:

Transliteration

sarve bhāgān kalpayadhvaṃ yajñeṣu mama nityaśaḥ | tathā śreyo 'bhidhāsyāmi yathādhikāram īśvarāḥ ||

Translation

毗舍波耶那说道：“诸位主宰啊，当在祭祀中恒常为我分定并奉献我应得之分。若能如此，我将依各自正当的才能与位分，持续教诲你们通往安乐与至善之道。”

Word by Word

• सर्वे: all (of you)
• सर्वे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• भागान्: shares/portions (offerings)
• भागान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भाग
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• कल्पयध्वम्: assign/offer (for yourselves: do you assign)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कल्पय् (√कॢप्)
• Form: Imperative, Second, Plural, Atmanepada

• यज्ञेषु: in sacrifices
• यज्ञेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Plural

• मम: for me / of me
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Genitive, Singular

• नित्यशः: always
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्यशः

• तथा: thus / in that manner
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• श्रेयः: the good / welfare
• श्रेयः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रेयस्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• उपभिधास्यामि: I shall declare/teach (to you)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-√धा (उपधाः/उपधि) / उप-√भिधा (भिधा)
• Form: Simple Future, First, Singular, Parasmaipada

• यथा: as / according to
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• अधिकारम्: entitlement/competence
• Type: Noun
• Root: अधिकार
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• ईश्वराः: O lords
• Type: Noun
• Root: ईश्वर
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Plural

• लोकईश्वरः: lord of the worlds
• लोकईश्वरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक-ईश्वर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• yajña (sacrifice/ritual)
• bhāga (sacrificial share)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches reciprocity between ritual obligation and moral-spiritual guidance: when rightful offerings are maintained in yajñas, the teacher/authority continues to impart instruction in śreyas (true welfare) suited to each person’s adhikāra (capacity and rightful station).

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana reports a statement in which an authoritative figure asks the addressed ‘lords’ to keep offering the proper sacrificial portions regularly; in return, he promises ongoing guidance on the path of welfare, tailored to each recipient’s eligibility and role.