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Shloka 8

Nāmānirukta of Nārāyaṇa (Keśava–Viṣṇu–Vāsudeva) and the Rudra–Nārāyaṇa Unity Theme

अवतीर्य महीं ते5थ चातुहोंत्रमकल्पयन्‌ | संयाजयन्तो विप्रांश्व॒ राजन्यांक्षु विशस्तथा

avatīrya mahīṁ te ’tha cāturhotram akalpayan | saṁyājayanto viprāṁś ca rājanyāṁś ca viśas tathā ||

毗湿摩说道:“他们降临人间之后,便建立了四重祭祀之制(cāturhotra 诸仪)。进入居家之期(家住期)后,他们令婆罗门、刹帝利与吠舍举行祭祀。为诸‘二生者’所敬奉,他们怀大满足而安住,专心为人主持祭礼,并教授吠陀。正因这些职责,他们富足兴盛,名闻于世。”

अवतीर्यhaving descended
अवतीर्य:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootअव-तॄ
Formल्यप् (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय), कर्तरि, पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (absolutive)
महीम्the earth
महीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमही
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
चातुर्होत्रम्the four-priest sacrificial system (cāturhotra)
चातुर्होत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचातुर्होत्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अकल्पयन्they arranged / instituted
अकल्पयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootकॢप्
Formलङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, Third, Plural, Active
संयाजयन्तःcausing (others) to sacrifice; officiating at sacrifices
संयाजयन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-यज् (णिच्)
Formशतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), Masculine, Nominative, Plural, कर्तरि
विप्रान्brahmins
विप्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यान्whom / those
यान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विशःvaisyas / commoners
विशः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविश्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
तथाlikewise / also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
M
mahī (earth)
V
vipra (Brahmins)
R
rājanya (Kshatriyas)
V
viś (Vaishyas)
C
cāturhotra (fourfold sacrificial system)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that prosperity and lasting reputation arise from steadfast performance of dharma—especially the householder’s duties of sustaining Vedic sacrifice and transmitting Vedic knowledge—carried out for the benefit of society.

Bhishma describes certain exemplary figures who, after coming to earth, instituted the cāturhotra sacrificial order and lived as householders, conducting sacrifices for the three twice-born varṇas and teaching the Vedas, thereby gaining honor, contentment, and renown.