Shloka 1
Śvetadvīpa-varṇana and Śāstra-pravartana (Śānti Parva 322)
नशा न (2) अफन्अत+- > मनुजीने धर्मके दस भेद ये बताये हैं-- धृति: क्षमा दमो3स्तेयं शौचमिन्द्रियनिग्रह: । धीर्विद्या सत्यमक्रोधो दशकं धर्मलक्षणम् ।।
dhṛtiḥ kṣamā damo'steyaṁ śaucam indriyanigrahaḥ | dhīr vidyā satyam akrodho daśakaṁ dharmalakṣaṇam ||
“坚忍（dhṛti）、宽恕（kṣamā）、自制（dama）、不盗（asteya）、清净（śauca）、制御诸根、正慧（dhī）、学识（vidyā）、真实（satya）、无嗔（akrodha）——此十者，乃达摩之相。”在《寂静篇》之《解脱法》中，此颂将达摩界定为内在的修持与伦理德目，而非仅是仪式或社会身份；它塑造人的行为与品格。
युधिछिर उवाच
Educational Q&A
Dharma is identified through ten practical virtues—inner steadiness, forgiveness, restraint, honesty/non-stealing, purity, sensory discipline, discernment, learning, truthfulness, and freedom from anger—emphasizing character and conduct over mere external observance.
In the Śānti Parva’s Mokṣadharma discourse, a didactic list is presented that defines dharma by its observable ethical qualities, setting the tone for instruction on right living and liberation-oriented values.