Shloka 44

Śuka’s Guṇa-Transcendence and Vyāsa’s Consolation (शुकगति-वर्णनम्)

Devanagari script

दोषदर्शी तु गार्हस्थ्ये यो व्रजत्या श्रमान्तरे । उत्सृजन्‌ परिगृह्नंश्व॒ सोडपि सड्भान्न मुच्यते

Transliteration

doṣadarśī tu gārhasthye yo vrajaty āśramāntare | utsṛjan parigṛhṇaṃś ca so 'pi saṅgān na mucyate ||

Translation

阇那迦王说：“即便有人见居家之过而舍弃之，转入他一阶段的生活，他仍是舍此取彼；因此也未能脱离执著之病。教义在于：仅仅更换外在身份，并不能自然而然终止攀缘——必须具备内在的不执。”

Word by Word

• दोषदर्शी: one who sees faults
• दोषदर्शी: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दोष-दर्शिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• गार्हस्थ्ये: in householdership
• गार्हस्थ्ये: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गार्हस्थ्य
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• व्रजति: goes
• Type: Verb
• Root: व्रज्
• Form: Present, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

• आश्रम-अन्तरे: into another āśrama
• आश्रम-अन्तरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आश्रम-अन्तर
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• उत्सृजन्: abandoning
• Type: Verb
• Root: उत्सृज्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• परिगृह्णन्: accepting/taking up
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-ग्रह्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अपि: also/even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• सङ्गात्: from attachment/association
• सङ्गात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सङ्ग
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• मुच्यते: is freed
• Type: Verb
• Root: मुच्
• Form: Present, 3, Singular, Passive (Ātmanepada form)

Speaker

जनक उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Janaka

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Renunciation is not accomplished merely by leaving the householder life; as long as one continues to abandon some things and grasp others, attachment persists. Freedom comes from inner non-clinging rather than external relocation.

What is happening in the narrative?

King Janaka is speaking in a didactic context in the Śānti Parva, critiquing superficial renunciation: a person who condemns gṛhastha and shifts to another āśrama still remains bound by saṅga because the mind continues the pattern of giving up and taking up.