Shloka 15

नारद–शुक संवादः

Impermanence, Svabhāva, and Śuka’s Resolve for Yoga

Devanagari script

ततो5हमर्घ्य विधिवत्‌ सरस्वत्यै न्यवेदयम्‌ । तपतां च वरिष्ठाय निषण्णस्तत्परायण:,तब मैंने सरस्वतीदेवी तथा तपनेवालोंमें श्रेष्ठ भगवान्‌ भास्करको अर्घ्य निवेदन किया और उन्हींका चिन्तन करता हुआ बैठ गया

Transliteration

tato 'ham arghyaṃ vidhivat sarasvatyai nyavedayam | tapatāṃ ca variṣṭhāya niṣaṇṇas tat-parāyaṇaḥ ||

Translation

随后我依照仪轨，恭敬地向女神萨拉斯瓦蒂奉献阿尔伽供（arghya）；又向苦行者中最尊者——婆娑迦罗，即太阳——献上阿尔伽。行毕，我端坐下来，心神专一，尽皆归向于他。

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Nominative, Singular

• अर्घ्यम्: arghya-offering (water/oblation of respect)
• अर्घ्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्घ्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• विधिवत्: according to rule, duly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विधिवत्

• सरस्वत्यै: to Sarasvatī
• सरस्वत्यै: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सरस्वती
• Form: Feminine, Dative, Singular

• न्यवेदयम्: I offered/presented
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि + वेद्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 1st, Singular

• तपताम्: of ascetics (of those who practice austerity)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तप् (तप्यते) → तपत्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• वरिष्ठाय: to the श्रेष्ठ/most excellent
• वरिष्ठाय: Sampradana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वरिष्ठ
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Singular

• निषण्णः: seated
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नि + सद् → निषण्ण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तत्परायणः: having that as the sole refuge/wholly devoted to that
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तत् + परायण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

याज़्ञवल्क्य उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Yājñavalkya
• Sarasvatī
• Bhāskara (Sūrya, the Sun)
• arghya (ritual offering)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Right practice joins outer discipline with inner focus: one should perform worship according to proper procedure (vidhivat) and then settle the mind in single-pointed devotion (tat-parāyaṇaḥ). The verse also links Sarasvatī (sacred speech/learning) and the Sun (austere power and illumination) as supports for ethical clarity.

What is happening in the narrative?

Yājñavalkya describes his action: he formally offers arghya to Sarasvatī and to Bhāskara, regarded as the foremost among those endowed with tapas, and then sits down absorbed in contemplation—indicating a transition from ritual offering to meditative absorption.