Shloka 15
Adhyātma–Adhibhūta–Adhidaivata Correspondences and the Triguṇa Lakṣaṇas (Śānti-parva 301)
षड्गुणं च मनो ज्ञात्वा नभ: पञ्चगुणं तथा । बुद्धि चतुर्गुणां ज्ञात्वा तमश्न त्रिगुणं तथा
ṣaḍguṇaṃ ca mano jñātvā nabhaḥ pañcaguṇaṃ tathā | buddhiṃ caturguṇāṃ jñātvā tamaś ca triguṇaṃ tathā ||
毗湿摩说道：“既知心（manas）具六德，虚空（ākāśa）具五德，觉知（buddhi）具四德，而惰性之暗、无明（tamas）具三德——了知此等德相之层级结构者，便获得对经验诸成分的分别洞见。此种洞见助长对欲境的离著，使求道者在通往超越迷乱、趋向解脱之路上安住不动。”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches analytical discernment: by classifying mind, space, intellect, and tamas according to their respective sets of qualities, a seeker learns to distinguish the layers of experience and loosen attachment to sense-objects—an aid to liberation-oriented knowledge (jñāna) in Sāṅkhya-Yoga.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction section, Bhishma continues his philosophical exposition to the king, presenting a compact schema of how different inner and elemental principles are understood through their ‘qualities,’ as part of a broader teaching on knowledge and release.